Phosphate PO4^3- ; Hyper & Hypo

Question 1

What is phosphate range?

Answer 1

2.5-4.5

Question 2

Phosphate is anion or cation?

Answer 2

Anion

Question 3

What is phosphate function?

Answer 3

Muscles, red blood cells and nervous system

Question 4

Phosphate is involved with what?
(4)

Answer 4

Acid base buffering system
ATP production
Cellular uptake of glucose
Metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats

Question 5

What is a buffering system?

Answer 5

Chemically change strong acids into weaker ones

Minimizes the effect of acids in blood ph

Question 6

Phosphate
Serum levels are controlled by the ??

Answer 6

Parathyroid hormone

Question 7

Phosphate
Maintenance requires adequate ?
This can be applied to the acid base buffering system btw!

Answer 7

Renal functioning

Question 8

Phosphate and calcium have a ?

Answer 8

Reciprocal relationship

Question 9

What does reciprocal relationship mean for calcium and phosphate?
High phos =?
Low phos =?
And vise versus!

Answer 9

Low cal
High cal

Question 10

What are the 6 imbalances for phosphate??

Answer 10

• Risk factors therapeutic interventions for other disorders
• Hypophosphatemia
  Related to glucose and insulin admistrstion
• During parenteral nutrition with inadequate replacement
• ETOH withdrawal
• Acid base imbalances
• Use of phosphate binding antacids

Question 11

What are some manifestations for hypophosphatemia?
(CNS D, CON, MW, P, DYS, CM)

Answer 11

Cns depression
Confusion
Muscle weakness
Pain
Dysrthythmia
Cardiomyopathy

Question 12

Mild hypophosphatemia is ?

Answer 12

Asymptomatic

Question 13

Servers hypophosphatemia is ?

Answer 13

Fatal

Question 14

What does it mean by cns depression for hypophosphatemia?

Answer 14

Level of consciousness
Brain activity
Sedated

Question 15

Hypophosphatemia management/ treatment? (3)

Answer 15

Oral supplementation
Ingestion of foods high in phosphorus
Iv admisinitrsrion of sodium or potassium phosphate

Question 16

What is Hyperphosphatemia range?

Answer 16

Anything above 4.5

Question 17

Hyperphosphatemia is caused by (3)

Answer 17

Acute kidney or chronic kidney disease

Chemotherapy

Excessive ingestion of phosphate or vitamin D

Question 18

What are some manifestations for Hyperphosphatemia?
( NM I&T, HYPOCAL, CAL DEPO (ODYSFU))

Answer 18

Neuromuscular irritability
Tetany
Hypocalcemia

Calcified deposition in soft tissues such has joints, arteries, skin, kidneys, and corneas
( can cause organ dysfunction )

Question 19

What are the 5 hyperphosphatemia managements ?

Answer 19

Identify and treat underlying cause
Restrict foods and fluids containing phosphorus
Phosphate binding agents
Adequate hydration to correct of hypocalcemic
Hemodialysis, iv insulin, glucose