Photosynithisis And Cellular Resperation

Question 1

What is the Calvin cycle?

Answer 1

A biochemical pathway in which CO₂ is converted into organic compounds.

Question 2

What are chlorophyll?

Answer 2

Light absorbing pigments used in photosynthesis.

Question 3

What is RuBP?

Answer 3

A 5-carbon carbohydrate that combines with CO₂ in carbon fixation.

Question 4

What is ATP?

Answer 4

A molecule that acts as an energy source for metabolic processes.

Question 5

What is NADPH?

Answer 5

A molecule that accepts electrons during the light phase.

Question 6

What is a biochemical pathway

Answer 6

A series of chemical reactions in which the product of one reaction is consumed in the next.

Question 7

What is A182?

Answer 7

A substance formed by the breakdown of ATP.

Question 8

What is stroma?

Answer 8

In plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in the chloroplast.

Question 9

What is the light-independent reaction?

Answer 9

The part of photosynthesis that uses CO₂.

Question 10

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 10

The conversion of light energy into chemical energy stored in organic compounds.

Question 11

What is carbon fixation?

Answer 11

The incorporation of carbon dioxide into organic molecules.

Question 12

What is the light-dependent reaction?

Answer 12

The part of photosynthesis that yields O₂, ATP, and NADPH.

Question 13

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 13

An organism that consumes food.

Question 14

What is an autotroph?

Answer 14

An organism that makes its own food.

Question 15

What is the electron transport chain?

Answer 15

A series of proteins that accept high energy electrons from chlorophyll.

Question 16

What is the anatomy of a chloroplast?

Answer 16

Suspended in the stroma are stacks of thylakoids called granum.

Question 17

What is the difference between a molecule and an organelle?

Answer 17

A molecule is a chemical entity, while an organelle is a part of a cell with specific functions.

Question 18

What can photons of light do?

Answer 18

They can transmit, absorb, or reflect.

Question 19

What creates color?

Answer 19

Reflections of different wavelengths.

Question 20

What are C4 and CAM plants?

Answer 20

Plants that have different paths to the Calvin cycle based on how CO₂ is fixed.

Question 21

What substances enter the light-dependent reactions?

Answer 21

Water and NADP⁺.

Question 22

What substances exit the light-dependent reactions?

Answer 22

ATP and NADPH.

Question 23

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

Answer 23

Glucose and O₂.

Question 24

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Answer 24

H₂O and CO₂.

Question 25

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 25

A reaction that requires oxygen.

Question 26

What is glycolysis?

Answer 26

The first step where glucose is broken down to produce pyruvate.

Question 27

What is the Krebs cycle?

Answer 27

Also known as the citric acid cycle, where high energy electron carriers are produced.

Question 28

What happens during the electron transport chain?

Answer 28

ATP is made as ATP-synthase spins when H⁺ ions go through.

Question 29

What occurs if there is no oxygen present after glycolysis?

Answer 29

Fermentation occurs.

Question 30

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 30

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ + ADP + P → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP.

Question 31

What do overworked muscles produce when lacking oxygen?

Answer 31

Lactic acid.

Question 32

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 32

In the cytoplasm.

Question 33

Where does the Krebs cycle occur?

Answer 33

In the mitochondrial matrix.

Question 34

Where does the electron transport chain occur?

Answer 34

In the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae).

Question 35

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

Answer 35

In the stroma.

Question 36

Where do light reactions occur?

Answer 36

In the thylakoid membrane.

Question 37

How much ATP is produced in glycolysis?

Answer 37

A total of 2 ATP are produced.

Question 38

How much ATP is produced from the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain?

Answer 38

A total of 36 ATP from all processes.