photosynthesis Flashcards
(20 cards)
what are the pigments in photosynthesis
- chlorophyll A & B
- carotenoids(orange)
- xanthophylls(yellow)
absorption of ps1 and ps2
ps 1 is 700nm and ps2 is 680nm
where is ps2 located?
the inner side of the thylakoid membrane
what is formed from photolysis of water
H+ o2 4e-
what is photophosphorylation and where does it happen
conversion of ADP to ATP and happens in stroma lamella
what is action and absorption spectrum
action spectrum is the graph that shows the actual rate of photosynthesis. graph of the amount of light of different wavelengths absorbed by a pigment.
what happens in light reaction
light from the sun is used to split water. the Hydrogen produced is brought to the NADPH2 which are used to reduce CO2 in the dark reaction. O2 is the byproduct of this.
what happens in dark synthesis reaction
Hydron from the NADPH2 and CO2 are absorbed to make carbohydrates and ATP is used.
what is the net product of non cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation
NADPH2, oxygen and ATP molecules
oxygen is given out as “Waste”. in cyclic on ATP is produced
what is non cylic photopohsphrylation
When the two systems PS1 AND PS2 work together to produce atp. it occurs in stroma lamella because of constant flow of electrons
why is it important to have a proton gradient
the breakdown of the gradient releases energy. the gradient helps in the proton pump and synthesis of ATP.
what is acceptor of C3/Calvin cycle
5 carbon RubiloseBisphosphate(RUBP)
what is carboxylation in C3
In addition of fixation of CO2 by RUBP the product is a 6C intermediate compound then its a
what is Glycolytic reversal
reduction of PGA by using ATP and NADPH to 1,3 diphosphogylceric. Also first carbohydrate is formed PGAL, Glyceraldehyde.
how is RUBP regenerated in the stage
the glyceraldehyde phosphate goes under certain reactions with 5 molecules and 3 molecules of ATP to from RUBP. the one molecule of the 3c sugar is used to form glucose. for making one molecule of glucose it requires 6 turns.
explain the whole calvic cycle
so first the CO2 from atmosphere is accepted by RUBP then converted to PGA, then reduction reaction happens using ATP and NADPH to Triose phosphate the first carbohydrate. then the regeneration raction happens by using 8 molecules of ATP and some of the PGAL to form RUBP.
what are C4 plants
C4 plants are tropical plants that have a 4 carbon(oxaloacetic acid) as there acceptor they have kransz anatomy.
how does C4 cycle take place
first the CO2 is accepted in the mesophyll cells by PEP phosphenoel pyruvate coverted to oxaloacetic acid. this is converted to malic acid then transported to the bundle sheath cells. then its converted into pyruvic and CO2 released this enters into the C3 cycle
what is photorespiration and what isits usefull role
a process where plants take up oxygen and give out CO2 and theres a waste of ATP AND NADPH2. it can protect plants against photooxidaiton damage where theres high light and low co2
explain the process of photorespiration
RUBP absorbs the O2 and forms phosphoglycolate which is made into glycolate this goes into the peroxisome, then to from glycine this goes into the mitochondria to add another Glycine which gives out CO2 to from serine this serine goes back to the chloroplast with the help of NADPH and becomes Glycerate.
