photosynthesis

Question 1

what products from the LDR are used to reduce GP in the LIR

Answer 1

ATP and reduced NADP

Question 2

where does the LIR occur

Answer 2

stroma of the chloroplasts

Question 3

describe how the Calvin cycle produces organic sugars from carbon dioxide

Answer 3

carbon dioxide reacts with RuBP - the reaction is catalysed by the enzyme rubisco, to produce two molecules of glycerate-3-phsophate. This is then reduced to three molecules of triose phosphate using energy from ATP and reduced NADP.

Question 4

how is the calvin cycle a cycle

Answer 4

NADP is re-formed, goes back to LDR to be reduced again, Tp is used to regenerate RuBP using ATP from LDR

Question 5

how is the chloroplast adapted to carrying out the LDR- give 3 ways

Answer 5

fluid of the stroma contains all the enzymes needed to carry out the LIR. Stroma fluid surrounds grana - products of LDR can easily diffuse into stroma. Contains both DNA and ribosomes so can easily carry out protein synthesis for proteins involved in LIR.