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Photosynthesis Flashcards

Light Absorption, Chemiosmosis, Calvin Cycle (27 cards)

1
Q

What are the three major steps of photosynthesis?

A

Chlorophyll absorbs light, Light DEpendent and INdependent reactions

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2
Q

What light does chlorophyll absorb and reflect?

A

Absorb: red and blue | Reflect: green

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3
Q

What is the stroma?

A

The space between the inner and outer membrane of chloroplasts

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3
Q

Where are chloroplasts are located?

A

Mesophyll

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4
Q

What is the difference between a thylakoid and a granum?

A

A thylakoid is a membrane sac that has chlorophyll on its membrane that absorbs light. Granum is a stack of thylakoids.

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5
Q

What is the equation of photosynthesis?

A

6CO(2) + 6H(2)O + light energy > C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2)
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light > Glucose + Oxygen

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6
Q

How do plants produce oxygen?

A

They split carbon dioxide into separate molecules of C(2) and O

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7
Q

What is carbon reduced to in photosynthesis?

A

Glucose

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8
Q

What happens when pigments absorb photons?

A

Electrons become unstable (excited) from the energy, and diffuse across the thylakoid membrane. After, the electrons return to a stable state.
The absorption of a photon also starts the transport of electrons.

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9
Q

Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur?

A

Photosystem

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10
Q

What part of the Electron Transport Chain start and end?

A

Starts in PSII and ends in PSI

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11
Q

How do electron move to a lower energy level in the ETC? What is the lower energy level called?

A
  1. Electron carriers 2. PSI
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12
Q

What does NADP+ stand for?

A

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate

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13
Q

How does the loss of electrons affect the chlorophyll? What are the effects?

A

The chlorophyll becomes unstable, and water molecules are broken into H+ and O(2)
(there’s no equilibrium in concentration)

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14
Q

Where is the Electron Transport Chain located?

A

Thylakoid Membrane

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15
Q

What causes phosphorylation of ADP to ATP by ATP Synthase?

A

When electrons move across ETC, concentration gradient of hydrogen ions form on thylakoid membrane. H+ has higher concentration inside thylakoid space, so they go to low concentration by going across the membrane into the stroma space.

16
Q

Where is ATP produced?

A

In the stroma

17
Q

What is ATP used for after production in chemiosmosis?

A

Light independent reaction of Calvin Cycle

18
Q

What type of light reaction creates ATP and NADPH?

A

Light dependent reactions

19
Q

What enzyme binds CO(2) to RUBP molecule in the Calvin Cycle?

20
Q

What does RUBP stand for in the Calvin Cycle?

A

Ribulose Bisphosphate

21
Q

What happens when CO(2) combines with RUBP?

A

6-carrbon chain is split into 2 molecules of 3PGA

22
Q

How is 3PGA converted into G3P?

A

Each 3GPA gets a phosphate group from ATP, and a hydrogen ion from NADPH.

23
Q

What can G3P be used for?

A

Regeneration of RuBP, glucose, or organic compounds

24
What does 3GPA stand for?
3-Phosphoglyceric acid
25
What does G3P stand for?
Glycerol-3-phosphate
26
How many ATP and G3P are created?
3 ATP, 6 G3P