What colour are the outside cells of a leaf?
Transparent
What are the Palisade and spongy mesophyll cells full of?
Chloroplasts
What do Chloroplasts contain?
Chlorophyll and other pigments that absorb light for photosynthesis.
What do stomata pores allow to pass into and out of the leaf?
Gases
What protects stomata?
Guard cells which open and close when needed.
What do plants need to photosinphesys?
Sunlight and Chlorphyll
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO(2) +6H(2)O -> C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2)
What does plants take up as food?
Nutrients from the soil.
What diffuses into and out of plants during photosynthesis and respiration?
Oxygen and Carbon dioxide.
What three conditions can increase the rate of photosynthesis?
- More Carbon Dioxide
- More light
- Warmer temperatures
What is glucose used for?
Respiration
What is starch used for?
Storage is tubers.
What are amino acids used for?
Proteins for growth.
What are fats and oils used for?
Energy storage in seeds.
What colour does iodine turn in the presence of starch?
From Orange-red to Blue-Black
Is starch soluble?
No, it is insoluble.
Does starch affect the water balance in plant cells?
No.
Is starch stored in cells found in a leaf?
Yes.
Can iodine solution be used to detect the presence of starch?
Yes.
Is most of the glucose made in photosynthesis converted to starch?
Yes.
Do all plants store starch in tubers?
No.
What are the green parts of a leaf called and what do they contain?
Chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll.
Why do plants have broad leaves?
Large surface area for absorption of light.
Why do plants contain chlorophyll?
To absorb light energy.
Why do plants have air spaces?
To allow gas exchange.
Why do plants have thin leaves?
Short diffusion distances for gases.
Why do plants have veins?
To transport water and remove products of photosynthesis?
What substances are needed for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll, Light, Carbon dioxide and water.
Does increasing room temperature always increase the rate of photosynthesis?
No.
Are photosynthetic enzymes denatured at low temperatures?
No.
What are the main limiting factors of of photosynthesis?
Temperature, Light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration.
Are chlorophyll levels a limiting factor?
Yes.
Does temperature affect all chemical reactions?
Yes.
Is too much carbon dioxide toxic for plants?
No.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Both glucose and oxygen.
To make proteins, plants need to combine glucose with which other substance?
Nitrates.
What is meant by a hydroponic system?
Plants grow in water with a perfect balance of nutrients.
Where do plants get the nutrients required to make their cell walls?
They make their own nutrients from raw materials.
What adaption means that cells inside the leaf get a good supply of carbon dioxide?
Large air spaces in the leaf.
During the day, what is the movement of gasses into and out of the leaf?
Carbon dioxide moves into the leaf and oxygen moves out of the leaf.
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that require an input of energy from the environment.
