Photosynthesis and Respiration (Topic 5A)

Question 1

chloroplasts contain ___ pigments

Answer 1

three

Question 2

pigments in chloroplasts absorb….

Answer 2

light energy

Question 3

pigments in chloroplasts are attached to…

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

protein and pigments in chloroplast are called..

Answer 4

photosystems

Question 5

stroma is a ___ like substance surrounding the ____ and contains ____ , ____ and ____ ___

Answer 5

1. gel
2. thylakoid
3. enzymes, sugars and organic acids

Question 6

any carbohydrates that aren’t used in straight away are stored as….

Answer 6

starch grains

Question 7

where are starch grains found?

Answer 7

stroma

Question 8

the first step of the light dependent reaction is…

Answer 8

light energy excites electrons in chlorophyll

Question 9

the second step of the light dependent reaction is…

Answer 9

photolysis of water produces protons, electrons and O2

Question 10

the third step of the light dependent reaction is…

Answer 10

energy from excited electrons makes ATP

Question 11

the fourth step of the light dependent reaction is…

Answer 11

energy from the excited electrons generates reduced NADP

Question 12

what does non-cyclic phosphorylation produce?

Answer 12

ATP, reduced NADP and O2

Question 13

which photosystem is involved in non-cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 13

1 and 2

Question 14

which photosystem is involved in cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 14

photosystem 1

Question 15

what does cyclic phosphorylation produce?

Answer 15

produces ATP

Question 16

the first step of the light independent reaction is…

Answer 16

CO2 diffuses into leaf and dissolved in water around mesophyll cells and diffuses into the stomata

Question 17

the second step of the light independent reaction is…

Answer 17

CO2 combines to RuBP to form 2 molecules of GP, this is catalysed my rubisco enzyme

Question 18

the third step of the light independent reaction is…

Answer 18

GP is reduced and activated to form TP. ATP & rescued NADP provide energy for this. The ADP, Pi and NADP return to thylakoid membrane

Question 19

the fourth step of the light independent reaction is…

Answer 19

most of the TP continues through a series of reactions to regenerate RuBP and complete the cycle. NADP is reformed

Question 20

to make a single hexose sugar _ ___ molecules are required

Answer 20

2 TP

Question 21

it takes __ turns to form hexose sugar

Answer 21

6

Question 22

__ new TP molecules are formed every _ turns

Answer 22

2
6

Question 23

TP stands for

Answer 23

triose phosphate

Question 24

the three pigments in chloroplasts are

Answer 24

chlorophyll (a)
chlorophyll (b)
carotene

Question 25

GP stands for

Answer 25

glycerate-3-phosphate

Question 26

external factors that affect photosynthesis:

Answer 26

light intensity CO2 concentration temperature

Question 27

internal factors that affect photosynthesis:

Answer 27

the volume of chlorophyll

Question 28

a limiting factor is a…

Answer 28

variable that slows down rate of reaction

Question 29

the law of limiting factors is..

Answer 29

when a process is affected by a no. of factors, then the factor that is in shortest supply at any given time determines the rate of the process

Question 30

what is the compensation point?

Answer 30

point where rate of photosynthesis = the rate of respiration

Question 31

what is the equation for respiration?

Answer 31

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38ATP

Question 32

respiration is….

Answer 32

a series of reactions in which energy is transferred from organic compounds to the temporary energy store

Question 33

respiration is split into 4 stages which are:

Answer 33

1. glycolysis 2. link reaction 3. kerbs cycle 4. electron transport chain

Question 34

where does glycolysis happen?

Answer 34

cytoplasm of the cell

Question 35

where does link reaction happen?

Answer 35

matrix of mitochondria

Question 36

where does the krebs cycle happen?

Answer 36

matrix of the mitochondria

Question 37

where does the electron transfer chain occur?

Answer 37

utilises proteins found in membrane of crista

Question 38

glycolysis is the splitting of…

Answer 38

carbohydrates

Question 39

glycolysis is an _____ process

Answer 39

anaerobic

Question 40

the first step of glycolysis is…

Answer 40

phosphorylation of glucose to form phosphorylated glucose

Question 41

the second step of glycolysis is…

Answer 41

splitting of the phosphorylated glucose

Question 42

the third step of glycolysis is…

Answer 42

oxidation of triose phosphate

Question 43

the fourth step of glycolysis is…

Answer 43

production of ATP

Question 44

the products of glycolysis are..

Answer 44

2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP

Question 45

the link reaction requires…

Answer 45

oxygen

Question 46

the link reaction produces…

Answer 46

2 acetyl coenzyme A 2 CO2 2 reduced NAD

Question 47

in the link reaction the pyruvate is ______ and _____ to produce ______ coenzyme A combines with it to form _______

Answer 47

decarboxylated dehydrated acetate acetyl coenzyme A

Question 48

pyruvate is a _ carbon molecule

Answer 48

3

Question 49

acetate is a _ carbon molecule

Answer 49

2

Question 50

the krebs cycle produces..

Answer 50

2 CO2 molecules 1 ATP molecules 4 pairs of H atoms

Question 51

metabolic pathway is..

Answer 51

a series of small reactions controlled by enzymes (like photosynthesis)

Question 52

phosphorylation is…

Answer 52

adding phosphate to a molecule

Question 53

photophosphorylation is…

Answer 53

adding phosphate group using light

Question 54

photolysis is…

Answer 54

splitting of a molecule using light

Question 55

hydrolysis is…

Answer 55

splitting of a molecules using water

Question 56

decarboxylation is…

Answer 56

the removal of carbon dioxide from a molecule

Question 57

dehydrogenation is….

Answer 57

the removal of hydrogen from the molecule

Question 58

redox reactions are…

Answer 58

reactions that involve oxidation and reduction

Question 59

photoionisation is…

Answer 59

using light to excite electrons

Question 60

what is the electron transport chain?

Answer 60

a chain of proteins down which excited electrons move

Question 61

photosynthetic pigments are…

Answer 61

coloured substances in a leaf that absorb light

Question 62

what does photolysis of water produce?

Answer 62

protons, electrons and oxygen