Photosynthesis - Definitions and terms

Question 1

The pigment that gives plants their green color and helps in the process of photosynthesis

Answer 1

Chlorophyll

Question 1

The process where plants transform light energy into chemical energy

Answer 1

Photosynthesis

Question 2

Balanced chemical equation of photosynthesis

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H2O —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 3

Actual site of photosynthesis

Answer 3

Chloroplast

Question 4

Stacks of circular-shaped membrane filled with chlorophyll and enzymes where the light reaction takes place

Answer 4

Thylakoids

Question 5

Stacks of thylakoids

Answer 5

granum

Question 6

An aqueous space in the chloroplast where enzymes needed in the Calvin Cycle are found.

Answer 6

Stroma

Question 7

The pigment that gives plants their green color and helps in the process of photosynthesis.

Answer 7

Chlorophyll

Question 8

What colors is absorbed by chlorophyll?

Answer 8

Red and blue

Question 9

2 stages of photosynthesis

Answer 9

light-dependent reaction and the calvin cycle

Question 10

An important complex present, are light-harvesting complexes embedded in the thylakoid membrane

Answer 10

photosystem

Question 11

This process occurs in the thylakoid of chloroplasts

Answer 11

Noncyclic pathway

Question 11

3 pigments in the photosystem

Answer 11

chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid

Question 12

Other term for noncyclic pathway

Answer 12

linear electron flow

Question 13

Light energy strikes the electron in photosystem II which makes it excited and it bounces in photosystem II until it reaches a spot called?

Answer 13

Reaction center chlorophyll a

Question 14

As the process continues in the noncyclic pathway, electrons are (lost, added) in the photosystem.

Answer 14

lost

Question 15

Water splits in this process, thereby creating electrons, oxygen, and hydrogen ions

Answer 15

photolysis

Question 16

Alternative route for excited electrons

Answer 16

Cyclic pathway

Question 17

There is no need for photolysis to occur in cyclic pathway. True or False?

Answer 17

True

Question 18

This process is where the production of ATP relies on

Answer 18

Photophosphorylation

Question 18

The movement of ions through a membrane down their electrochemical gradient

Answer 18

chemiosmosis

Question 19

3 machineries involved in noncyclic pathway

Answer 19

photosystem II, photosystem I, and 2 ETCs

Question 20

2 machineries involved in cyclic pathway

Answer 20

photosystem I and an ETC

Question 21

Hydrogen ions cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer easily. Why?

Answer 21

Because they are charged

Question 22

Hydrogen ions needs a channel to facilitate their diffusion down the concentration gradient. This channel is in the form of?

Answer 22

ATP synthase

Question 23

ADP needs to be combined with ________ and ______ to form a high-energy molecule called ATP.

Answer 23

phosphate, energy

Question 24

Energy is needed in order to form ATP. How do we get energy?

Answer 24

It comes from the flow of hydrogen ions through this enzyme

Question 25

The calvin cycle occurs in the _______ of the chloroplast.

Answer 25

stroma

Question 26

Three phases of the calvin cycle

Answer 26

carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of ribulose

Question 27

These two molecules come from the products of the light reactions and are required in the second phase of the Calvin cycle

Answer 27

ATP and NADPH

Question 28

Why is the Calvin cycle considered a cycle?

Answer 28

Regeneration of RuBP

Question 29

The waxy cuticle found on top of the leaf is advantageous because it serves as a _____________________.

Answer 29

barrier to prevent water loss

Question 30

The waxy cuticle on top of a leaf is impermeable to oxygen, which is a waste product of plants and carbon dioxide, So what happens?

Answer 30

There is a stomata found underneath the leaf is an opening for carbon dioxide to enter and for oxygen to exit

Question 31

Has unique anatomical characteristics to ensure optimal carbon fixation.

Answer 31

C4 pathway

Question 32

Found in the middle of bundle sheath cells

Answer 32

vascular tissues

Question 33

surround the bundle sheath cells

Answer 33

mesophyll cells

Question 34

It is specific to carbon dioxide only

Answer 34

Phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 35

Once the PEP combines with carbon dioxide, it forms a four-carbon molecule called?

Answer 35

oxaloacetate

Question 36

CAM pathway only involves one cell, which is the?

Answer 36

mesophyll cell

Question 37

The primary producers of oxygen on Earth and they also form the foundation of aquatic food webs

Answer 37

Microalgae

Question 38

They are the primary terrestrial photosynthetic organisms, sustaining life and regulating the climate

Answer 38

Plants

Question 39

Habitat and food for various marine organisms, also contributing to ecological balance

Answer 39

macroalgae

Question 40

Some cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis, being essential for the carbon and oxygen cycle

Answer 40

Bacteria