Photosynthesis Quizlet 1

Question 1

cellular respiration

Answer 1

the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds

Question 2

photosynthesis

Answer 2

the process in which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy

Question 3

which types of organisms undergo cellular respiration

Answer 3

both autotrophs and heterotrophs

Question 4

what happens when organic compounds are broken down into simpler compounds

Answer 4

energy is released

Question 5

what is the energy released by the organic compound mostly used to do

Answer 5

produce ATP

Question 6

the products of cellular respiration (3)

Answer 6

CO2, water, and ATP

Question 7

two stages of cellular respiration

Answer 7

glycolysis and aerobic respiration

Question 8

glycolysis

Answer 8

a biochemical pathway in which one six-carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized to produce two three-carbon molecules of pyruvic acid

Question 9

how photosynthesis and cellular respiration depend on each other

Answer 9

the products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration, and the reactants of photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration

Question 10

anaerobic

Answer 10

does not require the presence of oxygen

Question 11

aerobic respiration

Answer 11

pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make lots of ATP

Question 12

what pyruvic acid undergoes with no oxygen present

Answer 12

fermentation

Question 13

fermentation

Answer 13

the breakdown of pyruvic acid by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen

Question 14

type of reaction in cellular respiration

Answer 14

redox

Question 15

redox reaction

Answer 15

one reactant loses electrons and another gains electrons

Question 16

cellular respiration equation

Answer 16

C6H12O6+6O2—> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP

Question 17

where the reactions of glycolysis take place

Answer 17

cytosol

Question 18

step one glycolysis

Answer 18

two phosphate groups are attached to one molecule of glucose, ATP converted to ADP

Question 19

step two glycolysis

Answer 19

6-carbon molecule split into two 3-carbon molecules of G3P

Question 20

step three glycolysis

Answer 20

G3P molecules lose electrons and receive another phosphate group, two molecules of NAD+ converted into NADH

Question 21

step four glycolysis

Answer 21

all phosphate groups are removed from the molecule to make two molecules of pyruvic acid, the four released phosphates convert four ADP to four ATP

Question 22

net yield of ATP in glycolysis

Answer 22

2 ATP

Question 23

total ATP produced in glycolysis

Answer 23

4 ATP

Question 24

how many NADH molecules produced in glycolysis

Answer 24

2 NADH

Question 25

how NAD+ becomes NADH

Answer 25

electrons released through glycolysis attach to NAD+

Question 26

where pyruvic acid goes if there's no oxygen

Answer 26

fermentation

Question 27

what fermentation regenerates

Answer 27

NAD+

Question 28

what fermentation does not produce

Answer 28

ATP

Question 29

how various fermentation pathways differ (2)

Answer 29

enzymes and products

Question 30

the two common fermentation pathways products

Answer 30

lactic acid and ethyl alcohol

Question 31

lactic acid fermentation

Answer 31

pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid

Question 32

what is used to make lactic acid

Answer 32

one hydrogen atom from NADH and one free hydrogen proton

Question 33

what happens to NADH in lactic acid fermentation

Answer 33

it is oxidized and converted to NAD+

Question 34

type of reaction that occurs in muscles during strenuous exercise

Answer 34

lactic acid fermentation

Question 35

organ where lactic acid is converted back into pyruvic acid

Answer 35

liver

Question 36

the liver

Answer 36

where lactic acid is converted back into pyruvic acid

Question 37

how many carbons in lactic acid

Answer 37

3

Question 38

alcoholic fermentation

Answer 38

pyruvic acid is converted into ethyl alcohol

Question 39

organisms that use alcoholic fermentation

Answer 39

plant cells and unicellular organisms

Question 40

process of alcoholic fermentation (2 steps)

Answer 40

CO2 is removed from pyruvic acid, two hydrogen atoms added

Question 41

what is regenerated in alcoholic fermentation

Answer 41

NAD+

Question 42

one kilocalorie=? calories

Answer 42

1000

Question 43

efficiency of glycolysis=

Answer 43

energy required to make ATP/energy released by oxidation of glucose

Question 44

where pyruvic acid goes when oxygen is available

Answer 44

aerobic respiration

Question 45

aerobic respiration produces ?x as much ATP as glycolysis

Answer 45

20

Question 46

two stages of aerobic respiration

Answer 46

the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain

Question 47

chemiosmosis

Answer 47

process by which ATP is made using the energy released as protons move across a memrbrane

Question 48

as glucose is oxidized NAD+ is...

Answer 48

converted into NADH

Question 49

the Krebs cycle, function

Answer 49

breaks down acetyl CoA

Question 50

where the Krebs cycle takes place (eukaryotes)

Answer 50

the mitochondria

Question 51

where the Krebs cycle takes place (prokaryotic)

Answer 51

None

Question 52

mitochondrial matrix

Answer 52

the space inside the inner and outer membranes of a mitochondrion

Question 53

what the mitochondrial matrix contains

Answer 53

enzymes to catalyze the reactions of the Krebs cycle

Question 54

in the mitochondrial matrix, pyruvic acid reacts with ? to form ?, and releases a ?

Answer 54

CoA, acetyl CoA, CO2 molecule

Question 55

products of the Krebs cycle (3)

Answer 55

CO2, hydrogen atoms, and ATP

Question 56

final electron acceptor of ETC

Answer 56

oxygen

Question 57

efficiency of cellular respiration=

Answer 57

energy required to make ATP/energy released by oxidation of glucose