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Basic Aerodynamics > Phsyics Of The Atmosphere > Flashcards

Phsyics Of The Atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

What is the SI unit of mass?

A

Kilograms

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2
Q

What is the SI unit of density?

A

Kg/m^3

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3
Q

Give 4 fundamental units used in aerodynamics

A

Length (meters)
Mass (kilogram)
Time (seconds)
Temperature (Kelvin)

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4
Q

What is the unit of speed?

A

m/s

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5
Q

What is the symbol used for speed?

A

v

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6
Q

What is the change in speed over time known as?

A

Acceleration

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7
Q

What is the symbol used for acceleration due to gravity?

A

g

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8
Q

What is the SI unit of Acceleration?

A

m/s^2

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9
Q

What is the formula for weight?

A

Weight = mass x gravity

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10
Q

What is the unit of force?

A

Newtons

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11
Q

What is the formula for Power?

A

Power = work done / time

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12
Q

What is the unit for Work?

A

Joules

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13
Q

What is the SI unit of pressure?

A

N/m^2

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14
Q

What is the symbol used for static pressure?

A

p

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15
Q

What is the formula for Pressure?

A

Pressure = Force / Area

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16
Q

What is static pressure?

A

Pressure that acts in all directions

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17
Q

What is dynamic pressure?

A

Pressure that acts in the direction of flow

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18
Q

What is the symbol for dynamic pressure?

A

q

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19
Q

What is the symbol for the speed of sound?

A

a

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20
Q

Give the formula for the speed of sound and give the constant and variable

A

20 x sq.rt of T

20 - constant
T - variable

21
Q

What is the unit of temperature in the speed of sound?

A

Kelvin

22
Q

Why is the speed of sound less at high altitudes?

A

Lower temperature as air molecules have less energy for transfer

23
Q

Where is the position of the pressure waves if an aircraft is flying below the speed of sound?

A

Pressure waves move ahead and behind the aircraft

24
Q

What is the region called where the aircraft moves below the speed of sound?

A

Subsonic

25
Q

What is the region where the aircraft moves at the speed of sound?

A

Transonic

26
Q

Where is the position of the pressure wave if the aircraft is flying at the same speed as the speed of sound?

A

Pressure waves form closely at the front of the aircraft as it cannot escape. Pressure waves are known as shock waves

27
Q

What is the region where the aircraft is flying at a speed above the speed of sound?

A

Supersonic

28
Q

Where is the position of the pressure wave if the aircraft is flying at a speed above the speed of sound?

A

Pressure waves increase behind the aircraft and shock waves form outside the periphery

29
Q

What is Mach Number?

A

The relationship between the aircraft speed and the speed of sound

30
Q

What is the formula for Mach number?

A

Speed of aircraft / speed of sound

31
Q

What symbol is used for the Mach Number?

A

M

32
Q

What does a Mach Number = 1 mean?

A

The aircraft is flying at the speed of sound

33
Q

What is the critical mach and in which region is it found?

A

The maximum speed the aircraft can fly at without firming shock waves
Found in the subsonic region just before it hits the transonic

34
Q

In which region does a Mach number of more than 1 but less than 1.3 sit?

A

Transonic

35
Q

What region would a mach number higher than 1.3 be in?

A

Supersonic

36
Q

Define atmosphere

A

The mass of the air extending upwards from the surface if the earth

37
Q

What is the lowest layer of the atmosphere known as?

A

Troposphere

38
Q

What is the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere?

A

Tropopause

39
Q

In which part of the atmosphere does temperature, pressure and density vary in?

A

Troposphere

40
Q

What is the standard altitude for the tropopause?

A

11km

41
Q

What is the standard temperature at the tropopause?

A

-56.5 degrees C

42
Q

By how much does the temperature decrease with altitude under standard conditions?

A

6.5 degrees/km

43
Q

What is the height of the tropopause over the north pole?

A

8km

44
Q

What is the height of the tropopause over the south pole?

A

8km

45
Q

What is the height of the tropopause over the equator?

A

16km

46
Q

What is ICAO?

A

International Civil Aviation Organisation

47
Q

By how much does the temperature increase or decrease in the stratosphere?

A

It is constant

48
Q

What is the temperature, pressure and density at standard sea level?

A

Temperature - 288K
Density - 1.225 kg/m^3
Pressure - 1013.25 Pa

49
Q

What does ISA stand for?

A

International Standard Atomosphere

Basic Aerodynamics (3 decks)

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