Phylum Chordata

Question 1

List the four principal features of the chordates shown in a generalized embryo

Answer 1

hollow dorsal nerve cord , pharyngeal slits , notochord , postnatal tail

Question 2

what falls under the subphylum urochordata ?

Answer 2

Tunicates and Sea Squirts

Question 3

what is the chemical composition of a tunic ?

Answer 3

cellulose

Question 4

what falls under the subphylum cephalochordata ?

Answer 4

lancelets

Question 5

how do lancelets obtain food ?

Answer 5

food particles are caught on the gill arches and eventually swept to the intestine; the anus is not terminal

Question 6

how does a tunic obtain food ?

Answer 6

food collected by mucus on the pharyngeal basket is moved by cilia to the stomach and intestine. The intestine empties into the body cavity near the excurrent siphon

Question 7

what is the most common genus of subphylum cephlochordata ?

Answer 7

branchiostoma

Question 8

Do adults or larvae of urochordates posses the general chordate form?

Answer 8

larvae

Question 9

what other groups of organisms has cellulose in its supporting structures?

Answer 9

plants (cell wall contains cellulose)

Question 10

what does subphylum cephalochordata consist of?

Answer 10

lancelets

Question 11

after water passes by the gill arches it moves into a surrounding chamber called an ____ and then leaves the body through the _____.

Answer 11

atrium, atriopore

Question 12

what classes are under subphylum vertebrata?

Answer 12

Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Amphibia
Reptilia
Aves
Mammalia

Question 13

Is lamprey an endoparatism or ectoparatism?

Answer 13

ectoparatism

Question 14

The endoskeleton is _____ and the anterior gill arches are modified into jaws on sharks.

Answer 14

cartilaginous

Question 15

what fins of sharks provide power and speed?

Answer 15

caudal fin

Question 16

A caudal fin on a shark is asymmetrical heteroceral so a caudal fin on a bony fish is

Answer 16

Symmetrical homoceral

Question 17

In Osteichthyes, gills are protected by a movable gill cover called an

Answer 17

operculum

Question 18

What kind of receptor is a lateral-line system?

Answer 18

Mechanoreceptor

Question 19

Tongue and nostrils are what kind of receptor?

Answer 19

Chemoreceptor

Question 20

What is the sexual dimorphism of bony fish?

Answer 20

Gonad of female is pink and has eggs.

Gonad of male is pale and solid

Question 21

What fins of fish provide power and speed?

Answer 21

Pectoral fins

Question 22

Sharks lack ____ fin

Answer 22

anal

Question 23

Can fish move water over their gills without moving through the water?

Answer 23

Yes the operculum can open and close and bring in oxygen and water

Question 24

How does buoyancy of an air bladder/ swim bladder affection the motion of a fish?

Answer 24

Inflate - rises

Deflate - sinks

Question 25

What kind of fertilization do class amphibia take part of?

Answer 25

external fertilization

Question 26

Class amphibia are _____thermic.

Answer 26

pokilo

Question 27

What is a benefit of moist skin of class amphibia?

Answer 27

respiration

Question 28

What kind of fertilization do class reptilia take part of?

Answer 28

Internal fertilization

Question 29

Pokilothermic =

Answer 29

Abiotic

Question 30

Homeothermic =

Answer 30

Biotic

Question 31

The _____ allows oxygen to enter the porous shell but retains water within the egg.

Answer 31

Chorion

Question 32

The _____ encases the developing embryo within a fluid-filled cavity.

Answer 32

amnion

Question 33

The ______ provides food from the yolk for the embryo via blood vessels connecting to the embryo’s gut.

Answer 33

yolk sac

Question 34

The ____ surrounds a cavity into which waste products from the embryo are excreted.

Answer 34

allantois

Question 35

The ___ is analogous to the endosperm in plants.

Answer 35

yolk sac

Question 36

class aves consist of?

Answer 36

birds

Question 37

What is the most prominent / highly developed sense of a bird?

Answer 37

eyes

Question 38

what are wings of flying animals other than birds made of?

Answer 38

a lightweight skeleton

Question 39

Six adaptations of birds to flight

Answer 39

``` Prominent Eyes Homeothermic High Metabolism Light skeleton efficient respiratory heavy musculature ```