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Zoology Lecture Unit 3 > Phylum Chordata > Flashcards

Phylum Chordata Flashcards

1
Q

Phylum Chordata

Germ layers?

A

Triploblastic : Coelomate

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2
Q

Phylum Chordata

Digestive tracts?

A

Complete digestive tracts

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3
Q

Phylum Chordata

Feeding behavoirs?

A

Predator, herbivores, filter feeders, fluid feeders

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4
Q

Phylum Chordata

Respiratory structures?

A

Lungs
Gills
Pharynx

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5
Q

Phylum Chordata

Excretory structures?

A

Kidneys

Pharynx

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6
Q

Phylum Chordata

Skeleton types?

A

Hydrostatic skeleton

Endoskeleton

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7
Q

Phylum Chordata

Endoskeleton composition?

A

Calcium phosphate

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8
Q

Phylum Chordata

Symmetry?

A

Bilateral symmetry

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9
Q

Phylum Chordata

Circulatory system?

A

Closed + heart

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10
Q

Phylum Chordata

How do they control metabolism?

A

Thyroid gland and endostyle

synapomorphy

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11
Q

Phylum Chordata

Big 4 Chordate characteristics

A

Notochord
Pharyngeal gill slits
Dorsal or hollow nerve cord
Post-anal tail

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12
Q

Phylum Chordata

Notochord shape and function?

A

Rod-shaped for support

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13
Q

Phylum Chordata

Pharyngeal gill slits / pouch shape and function?

A

Slot-shaped to increase surface area for gas exchange

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14
Q

Phylum Chordata

Dorsal hollow nerve cord shape and function?

A

Tube shaped for increased surface area for neural transmission

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15
Q

Phylum Chordata
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
“Increases ___
Increases ___”

A

Increases bandwidth

Increases number of simultaneous nerve impulses

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16
Q

Phylum Chordata

Post-anal tail description

A

Dorsal nerve cord + notochord stick out posteriorly from the body

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17
Q

Phylum Chordata

Post-anal tail function

A 
Balance
Communication
Protection
Climbing
Swimming
Insulation

Function indicated by shape

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18
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Common name?

A

Tunicates

Sea squirts

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19
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Adult motility vs Larvae motility?

A

Sedentary adults

Motile larvae

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20
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Solitary or colonial?

A

Both

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21
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Feeding behavior

A

FIlter feeders

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22
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Digestive tract water path?

A

Incurrent siphon -> Pharynx -> outcurrent siphon

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23
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Pharynx diffuses

A

Ammonia out
CO2 out
O2 in

24
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Digestive tract food path?

A

Incurrent siphon -> pharynx -> cilia moves to the mouth -> stomach -> intestine -> anus -> outcurrent siphon

25
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Monoecious or dioecious?

A

Monoecious

26
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Fertilization type?

A

External fertilization

27
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Urochordata
Larvae “Big 4” and ___

A

Motile

28
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Common name?

A

Amphioxus

29
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Big 4

A

Notochord
Pharyngeal gill slits
Dorsal or hollow nerve cord
Post-anal tail

30
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Fin types?

A

Caudal fin
Dorsal fin
Metaplural folds

31
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Caudal fin function?

A

Forward thrust

32
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Dorsal fin function?

A

Prevent roll

33
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Metaplural fold function?

A

Steering

34
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Feeding behavior?

A

Filter feeding

35
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Digestive tract path for water?

A

Oral hood -> pharynx -> pharyngeal gill slits -> atrium -> atriopore

36
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Digestive tract path for food?

A

Oral hood -> pharynx -> intestine -> hepatic cecum -> intestine -> anus

37
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Cephalocordata
Pharynx diffuses

A

Ammonia out
CO2 out
O2 in

38
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Synapomorphy

A

Cranium

39
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Common name?

A

Hagfishes

40
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Lack:

A

Jaws
Paired appendages
Vertebrae

41
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Retain:

A

Notochord

42
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Feeding mechanism?

A

Detritovores: Eat dead bodies

43
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Early (1st) hagfish eat the ___

A

Eyes

44
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
On-time (2nd) hagfish eat the ___

A

Enter mouth and eat intestines from inside

45
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Late (3rd) hagfish eat the ___

A

Muscle

46
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Hyperotreti
Anadromous

A

Hatch in freshwater
Adults live in saltwater
Return to freshwater to breed

47
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Synapomorphy?

A

Vertebrae

48
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Petromyzontomorphi
Common name?
A

Lampreys

49
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Petromyzontomorphi
Lack:
A

Jaws

Paired appendages

50
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Petromyzontomorphi
Have:
A

Vertebrae

Notochord

51
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Petromyzontomorphi
Larvae feeding behavior?
A

Filter feeders

52
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Petromyzontomorphi
Adult feeding behavior?
A

Fluid feeders

53
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Synapomorphy?
A

Protrusible jaws

54
Q 
Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Why are they awesome predators?
A

Protrusible jaws and paired appendages

55
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata

“Gnatho-“ “-stoma” “-ta”

A

Gnatho- = jaw

  • stoma = mouth
  • ta = -ed
56
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphlyum Craniata
Infraphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Petromyzontomorphi

“Petro-“ “-myzonto-“ “-morphi”

A 
Petro = rock
myzonto = suck
morphi = shape

Zoology Lecture Unit 3 (9 decks)

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