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MB 13 - Marine Invertebrates > Phylum Cnidarians > Flashcards

Phylum Cnidarians Flashcards

1
Q

Also known as “True Jellyfish”

A

Class Scyphozoa

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2
Q

Also known as “Sea Wasps”

A

Class Cubozoa

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3
Q

Cnidarians have two different body plans which are?

A

Medusa and polyp

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4
Q

Body plan that resembles an upside-down cup or umbrella

A

Medusa

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5
Q

Tubular body plan with tentacle structures

A

Polyp

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6
Q

Cnidarians have __________ symmetry and are ____________

A

Radial symmetry, diploblastic

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7
Q

In Cnidarians, where is the mesoglea found?

A

In between the epidermis and the gastrodermis

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8
Q

True or False

All cnidarians have tentacles around the mouth and a single opening to the digestive system.

A

True

(If you got this wrong sumbong kita kay kuya fuki)

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9
Q

All cnidarians secrete __________, also called stinging cells.

A

Cnidae

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10
Q

Cnidae is secreted within cells called the ???

A

Cnidoblast

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11
Q

What is the most widespread and best-studied category of cnidae?

A

Nematocysts

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12
Q

Is a cluster of modified cilia that project from the cnidoblast and acts as a TRIGGER for the nematocysts.

A

Cnidocil

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13
Q

The force behind the discharge of the cnidae

A

Osmotic pressure

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14
Q

True or False

Cnidarians are primarily carnivores, but some soft coral species may feed on phytoplanktons.

A

True

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15
Q

What is the difference between Hexacorallina and Octocorallina?

A

Hexacorallina have 6 tentacles surrounding the mouth while, Octocorallina have 8.

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16
Q

Asexual reproduction via strobilation

A

Class Scyphozoa

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17
Q

“muscular cylinder” at the end of the mouth

A

Manubrium

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18
Q

Scyphozoans have a well-developed system of fluid-filled __________________ canal.

A

Gastrovascular

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19
Q

Are short nematocyst bearing tentacles lined around the gastric pouches that secretes digestive enzymes.

A

Gastric filaments

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20
Q

The enzymes partially digest the food and digestion is completed intracellularly through ___________________

A

Phagocytosis

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21
Q

Jellyfishes are equipped with a variety of sensory receptors.

  1. __________ - maintains the balance of the jellyfish
  2. __________ - optical receptors able to detect light
  3. __________ - detects tactile input.
A
  1. Statocysts
  2. Ocelli
  3. Sensory lappets
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22
Q

Statocysts and ocelli are contained in club-shaped structures called the ???

A

Rhopalia

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23
Q

True or False

Gas transfer occurs on the epidermal and gastrodermal surfaces.

A

True

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24
Q

Coiled thread-like stinger

A

Cnidocytes

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25
Q

Thought to be the juvenile of a jellyfish since it gradually changes its appearance becoming an adult scyphozoan

A

Ephyra

26
Q

Cube-shaped medusa and rhopalia possess complex lensed eyes

A

Class Cubozoa

27
Q

Species under cubozoa are called

A

Cubomedusae

28
Q

True or False

Like scyphozoans, cubomedusae strobilate.

A

False, they DO NOT strobilate

29
Q

Common species of cubomedusae

A

Chironex fleckeri

30
Q

What class?

Polyp form is much more represented; gastroderm lacks nematocyst.

A

Class Hydrozoa

31
Q

In Hydroids, where are the sense organs found?

A

At the base of the tentacles

32
Q

One difference from scyphozoans is that hydroids possess a tissue called _________ that extends inwards from the edge of the bell.

A

Velum

33
Q

Give one example of a hydrozoan

A

Hydra

34
Q

Most hydrozoans are colonial in the polyp stage and gives rise to several polyps called ???

A

Zooids (also called ‘modules’)

35
Q

Class Hydrozoa

The oral end of the polyp.

A

Hydranth

36
Q

Class Hydrozoa

Each zooids share the gastrovascular cavity. They may be connected to one another or the substrate through the ____________.

Clue: it’s rootlike

A

Stolon

37
Q

Class Hydrozoa

The stolon are usually encased in a transparent protective tube called the ???

A

Perisac

38
Q

Class Hydrozoa

The “transparent protective tube” covering the “oral end of the polyp” is called the ???

A

Hydrotheca

39
Q

Hydroid colonies may be _____________ or ______________, meaning that there are several structurally and functionally distinct zooids present in a single colony.

A

Dimorphic or polymorphic

40
Q

Class Hydrozoa

Zooids/modules that are specialized in feeding

A

Gastrozooids

41
Q

Class Hydrozoa

Zooids that are responsible for asexual repoduction by producing medusoid via budding.

A

Gonozooids

42
Q

Class Hydrozoa

Finger-like structures or modules (zooids) that are specialized for defense.

A

Dactylozooids

43
Q

Class Hydrozoa

Zooids that are densely armed with nematocysts but possess no mouth and is dependent on the other zooids for nutrition.

A

Dactylozooids

44
Q

Class Hydroidolina possess three orders, but order _______________ best represents the polymorphism of the taxon.

A

Siphonophora

45
Q

These organisms are free-floating hydrozoan colony in which the medusoid and polypoid morphs are observed simultaneously.

A

Order Siphonophora

46
Q

Order Siphonophora

Propels the colony through jet propulsion by a structure called ???

A

Nectophore

47
Q

Order Siphonophora

The medusa may also appear as leaf-like structures called ???

A

Bracts or phyllozooids

48
Q

Order Siphonophora

Some species possess gas-filled structures that allow them to float called the ???

A

Pneumatophores

49
Q

A small group of colonial hydrozoans that secrete calcareous skeletons resembling corals, however they are not true corals.

A

Order Hydrocorallina

50
Q

Are spore forming parasites under phylum cnidaria

A

Class Myxozoa

51
Q

Class Myxozoa

They possess distinctive organelles called ________________ and several of these are coiled together within the _________________

A

Polar filaments, polar capsules

52
Q

They LOOK LIKE modified medusoids but live in polyp form.
BUT, they have no medusoid morph in ther life cycle

A

Class Staurozoans

53
Q

Are called “mini harpoons” and also contains the toxin to be injected

A

Cnida

54
Q

Types of Nematocysts

A

Penetrant, Volvent, Glutinant

55
Q

Types of Nematocysts

Not only penetrates the victim, but also injects a poison.

A

Glutinant

56
Q

Types of Nematocysts

Wraps around and ensnares a victim

A

Volvent

57
Q

Scientific name of Moon Jellies

A

Aurelia aurita

58
Q

Scientific name of Upside down jellyfish

A

Cassiopea sp.

59
Q

Scientific name of Australian Box Jellyfish

A

Chironex fleckeri

60
Q

Scientific name of Wind Sailor Jellyfish

A

Velella velella

MB 13 - Marine Invertebrates (3 decks)

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