Phylum Echinodermata

Question 1

Cleavage is spiral and determinate

Answer 1

Protosome

Question 2

Cleavage is radial and indeterminate

Answer 2

Deuterostomes

Question 3

Blastopore becomes mouth

Answer 3

Protosome

Question 4

Blastopore becomes the anus

Answer 4

Deuterostomes

Question 5

Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm

Answer 5

Protosome

Question 6

Coelom forms by an outpocketing of primitive gut

Answer 6

Deuterostomes

Question 7

_____ include sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, and sea lilies.

Answer 7

Echinodermata

Question 8

Internal skeleton of calcareous plates in echinoderms is called

Answer 8

Ossicles

Question 9

Adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical and their bodies consist of 5 repetitive parts meaning they are _____.

Answer 9

Pentaradial

Question 10

Larvae of echinoderms are _____ symmetrical.

Answer 10

Bilaterally

Question 11

What are the classes of phylum Echinodermata?

Answer 11

Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Crinoidea
Echinoidea
Holothuroidea

Question 12

What is the genus of class Asteroidea?

Answer 12

Asterias

Question 13

The _____ is on the lower, oral surface.

Answer 13

Mouth

Question 14

The ____ is on the upper, aboral surface.

Answer 14

Anus

Question 15

What is used for respiration by diffusion in Asteroidea?

Answer 15

Dermal Gills

Question 16

What is used to remove debris from the surface of Asteroidea?

Answer 16

Pedicellariae

Question 17

What are tube feet used for in echinoderms?

Answer 17

For locomotion and to grip and pull apart prey such as clams.

Question 18

On the aboral surface is the _____, a sieve connecting the water vascular system with the environment.

Answer 18

Madreporite

Question 19

What is the consistency of the madreporite?

Answer 19

Smooth

Question 20

What part of the water vascular system extends into each arm?

Answer 20

Tube foot

Question 21

What other phylum besides echinodermata depend on “hydraulics” as part of their locomotion system?

Answer 21

Annelida and Cnidarian

Question 22

What allows brittle stars to crawl rapidly like octopus rather than creep slowly like sea stars?

Answer 22

Thin, flexible arms

Question 23

What are the most ancient echinoderms?

Answer 23

Class Crinoidea (sea lillies and feather stars)

Question 24

What does class ophiuroidea consist of?

Answer 24

Brittle stars

Question 25

Why do class crinoidea differ from other living echinoderms?

Answer 25

Their oral surface (mouth and anus) usually face up

Question 26

Crinoids filter feed by capturing food particles on the ____ of their tube feet.

Answer 26

Mucus

Question 27

What does class echinoidea consist of?

Answer 27

Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars

Question 28

What is the genus of class echinoidea?

Answer 28

Arbacia

Question 29

Urchins lack distinct arms and their ossicles are fused into a solid shell called a

Answer 29

Test

Question 30

The mouth in class Echinoidea contains five ossified plates, or teeth used to scavenge and scrape surfaces of rocks and gather algae for food. This is called

Answer 30

Aristotle’s lantern

Question 31

Class Holothuroidea consists of

Answer 31

Sea cucumbers

Question 32

Some sea cucumbers respond to stress by rupturing anteriorly and rapidly expelling their pharynx, digestive tract, and other organs. This is called

Answer 32

Evisceration