Phylums to Classes Flashcards by Noémie Cusson

What are the characteristics of phylum Porifera ?

Porous
Asymmetrical
No tissues or organs

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What animals are in phylum Porifera ?

Sponges

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What are the characteristics of phylum Cnidaria ?

Radial symmetry
Carnivorous
Some nerves and muscles

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What animals are in phylum Cnidaria ?

Jellyfish

Anemones

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What are the characteristics of phylum Platyhelminthes ?

Simplest brains
Some organs, muscles and nervous tissue
Bilateral symmetry

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What animals are in phylum Platyhelminthes ?

Flatworms
Tapeworms
Flukes

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What are the characteristics of phylum Nematoda ?

No appendages or segments

Have a cavity that acts as an early circulatory system

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What animals are in phylum Nematoda ?

Roundworms

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What are the characteristics of phylum Mollusca ?

No segments or appendages
Some have shells
Some start to go on land

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What animals are in phylum Mollusca ?

Snails
Slugs
Octopus
Oysters

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What are the characteristics of phylum Annelida ?

Segmentation
Specialization of tissue
Non-jointed appendages
Multi-organ digestive system
Circulatory system

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What animals are in phylum Annelida ?

Earthworms
Sandworms
Leaches

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What are the characteristics of phylum Arthropoda ?

Jointed appendages
Exoskeleton made of chitin and protein
Segmentation
Open circulatory system with a heart
Gas exchange breathing system

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Why is Arthropoda considered the most successful phylum ?

DIversity
Distribution
Size

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What animals are in phylum Arthropoda ?

Insects
Myriapods (cetipedes and millipedes)
Crustaceans
Chelicerates (spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites)

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What are the characteristics of phylum Echinodermata ?

Pentamerous radial symmetry in adults
Bilateral symmetry and segmentation in larvae
Generally sessile as adults
Hard exterior, spiny

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What animals are in phylum Echinodermata ?

Sea stars
Sea cucumbers
Sea urchins
Sand dollars

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What are the characteristics of phylum Chordata ?

Segementation
Cephalization
Appendages
and way more

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What are the 4 distinguishing traits of phylum Chordata ?

Notochord
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Pharyngeal slits
Muscular postanal tail

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What is the notochord ?

A flexible, structural cord that exists in all embryos

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What do the pharyngeal slits do ?

It allows water entry (needed when having a closed digestive system)

What are the 3 subphylum of Chordata ?

Cephalochordates (Lancelets)
Urochordates (Tunicates)
Vertebrates

What are the characteristics of subphylum Cephalochordate ?

Invertebrates
Filter-feed
Weak swimmers

What are the characteristics of subphylum Urochordate?

Invertebrates
Adults are sessile
Filter-feed

What are the characteristics of subphylum Vertebrates ?

``` Have a spinal column that surroundsd and protects the dorsal nerve cord Cephalization and craniation Eye development Mouth Internal mineralized skeleton ```

What are the characteristics of class Myxini ?

Jawless fish Unpaired limbs No vertebrae Have skeleton and cranium (all cartilage)

What animals are in class Myxini ?

Hagfish | Lampreys

What are the characteristics of class Placodermi ?

Jawed fish Armoured Extinct class

What classes are in the subclass Gnathostome ?

All classes in which the animals have jaws.

What classes are in the subclass Agnathostome ?

Myxini

What are the characteristics of class Chondrichthyes ?

Cartilaginous fish Have jaws and a full cartilage skeleton Have paired fins

What animals are in class Chondrichthyes ?

Sharks | Rays

What are the characteristics of class Actinopterygii ?

``` Can store the air they draw through their gills Have a swim bladder Have bony scales 2-chambered heart Can regulate salt balance External fertilization ```

What animals are in class Actinopterygii ?

Fish

What are the characteristics of class Actinista ?

Lobed limbs | "Walk" under water

What animals are in class Actinista ?

Coelocanth

What are the characteristics of class Dipnoi ?

Have lobed limbs | Can take in air from out of the water and store it

What animals are in class Dipnoi ?

Lungfish

What are the characteristics of class Amphibia ?

Lead "double lives" Larvae are underwater, have gills, eat algae Adults have limbs, lungs, "ears" Must keep their skin moist even when adult Adults reproduce in water (external fertilization)

What animals are in class Amphibia ?

Frogs | Salamanders

What are the characteristics of class Reptilia ?

Live on land Have a dry and scaly skin Internal fertilization Amniotic eggs

What animals are in class Reptilia ?

Snakes | Birds

What are the characteristics of birds ?

Bipedal | Adapted for flight

What are the characteristics of class Mammalia ?

``` Hair Mammary glands 4-chambered heart Warm blooded (endothermic) Heterodonts ```

What orders are in class Mammalia ?

Order Monotremata Order Marsupials Order Placentals

What are the characteristics of order Monotremata ?

Lay eggs Secrete milk onto their hair Show traits of birds and reptiles

What animals are in order Monotremata ?

Platypus | Echidna

What are the characteristics of Marsupials ?

Give live birth | Females have a pouch in which the baby remains to further develop

What animals are Marsupials ?

Kangouroo | Koala

What are the characteristics of Placentals ?

Give live birth | Females have a placenta

What animals are Placentals ?

Us All other mammals Rodents Bats