Phys sci test 3 quizes XD

Question 1

As the temperature of an object decreases, the average speed of its molecules

Answer 1

decreases

Question 2

Absolute zero describes

Answer 2

0 K

Question 3

Your body judges temperature

Answer 3

very poorly, sensing onlly heat flow

Question 4

Which temperature scale measures the absolute temperature of an object?

Answer 4

kelvin

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a principle of Caloric Theory?

Answer 5

Caloric causes atoms to vibrate

Question 6

As a liquid at its boiling point goes through a phase change to a vapor, heat is absorbed and the temperature

Answer 6

stays the same

Question 7

Doubling the temperature corresponds to doubling the internal energy in the ____________ temperature scale.

Answer 7

Kelvin

Question 8

Anywhere there is a temperature difference, you can expect

Answer 8

energy flow from the hot object to the cold object.

Question 9

In which of the following are the positions of the molecules fixed?

Answer 9

solids

Question 10

Which of the following is most easily compressed?

Answer 10

gases

Question 11

The transfer of energy by collisions between molecules is called

Answer 11

conduction

Question 12

Convection may occur in

Answer 12

liquids and gases

Question 13

Which objects emit radiant energy?

Answer 13

all objects

Question 14

The temperature of an object that is a net absorber of radiation will

Answer 14

increase

Question 15

Which law says that energy becomes less useable (some is wasted)?

Answer 15

second law of thermodynamics

Question 16

Which law says that energy is conserved?

Answer 16

first law of thermodynamics

Question 17

The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius is known as

Answer 17

specific heat.

Question 18

what are the three mechanisms for heat flow?

Answer 18

radiation, convection, conduction

Question 19

Liquid water MUST be at its boiling point before any of its molecules can go into the gas phase.

Answer 19

FALSE

Question 20

The originator of the idea that matter is made up of atoms is

Answer 20

Democritus

Question 21

The atomic number of an element is the number of _____________ in the nucleus.

Answer 21

protons

Question 22

Isotopes of an element have DIFFERENT numbers of

Answer 22

neutrons

Question 23

When a pure gaseous element is heated it will produce a _______ spectrum of light

Answer 23

line spectrum

Question 24

The classical model of atoms was not able to explain

Answer 24

the stability of atoms

Question 25

Louis de Broglie originated the idea that electrons might behave as

Answer 25

both particles and waves

Question 26

According to the Bohr model of the atom, light is emitted or absorbed

Answer 26

when electrons change orbits

Question 27

The Bohr model of the atom works

Answer 27

only for hydrogen

Question 28

The quantum mechanics model predicts

Answer 28

the positions of electrons using probability distributions

Question 29

J. J. Thompson discovered the subatomic particle called the

Answer 29

electron

Question 30

The inner shell of an atom can contain no more than

Answer 30

2 electrons

Question 31

The outermost shell of an atom containing any electrons can hold no more than ________ electrons.

Answer 31

8 electrons

Question 32

The vertical columns in the periodic table are called

Answer 32

groups

Question 33

The chemical properties of an atom are determined by

Answer 33

the outer shell electrons

Question 34

Each vertical column of the periodic table includes elements with chemical characteristics that are, in general,

Answer 34

similar

Question 35

An oxygen atom, O, is in group VI and would like to gain ____ electrons in a chemical reaction.

Answer 35

2

Question 36

In a positive ion the number of protons is ____________ the number of electrons.

Answer 36

greater than

Question 37

In a chemical reaction the element sodium, Na, in group I will gain or lose an electron

Answer 37

lose an electron

Question 38

Ionic bonds are formed when

Answer 38

electrons are transferred between atoms

Question 39

A negative ion is formed when an atom

Answer 39

gains an electron

Question 40

Ionic bonds form between

Answer 40

a metal atom and a nonmetal atom

Question 41

Covalent bonds are formed when

Answer 41

atoms share pairs of electrons.

Question 42

Atoms react so that they end up with _____ electrons in their outer shell.

Answer 42

8

Question 43

An alkali metal atom

Answer 43

has one electron in its outer shell

Question 44

The outer electrons of atoms that are involved in chemical bonding are referred to as ________ electrons.

Answer 44

valence

Question 45

An atom is the

Answer 45

smallest unit of an element that can exist alone.

Question 46

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 46

energy(heat)-work=change in internal energy

Question 47

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 47

heat flows from object of higher temperature to lower temperature