Physical and cognitive development in adolescence

Question 1

adolescence

Answer 1

biological upheaval - transition which has a major growth spurt and an emotional psychological changes

Question 2

physical transition - 3

Answer 2

gender difference
GH/TH increase
Estrogen and androgens

Question 3

gender diff

Answer 3

girls quicker - appear to be bigger because you start earlier
men end up weiging more because they have more time
precursor hormones drive their bodies but they dont know why
2 year gap and age graded influence

Question 4

estrogen vs angrogen

Answer 4

f vs m - we dont use it in the same way

Question 5

always outliers for

Answer 5

pubertal changes

Question 6

2 broad types of pubertal changes

Answer 6

overall body growth

maturation of sex characteristics

Question 7

overall body growth

Answer 7

body growth - hormones spike - personal characteristics

Question 8

first visible signs of puberty

Answer 8

growth spurt

Question 9

start and end of puberty body growth - and gender diff

Answer 9

F - 8-18
M - 10-17.5
two year diff - reversal of height and weight and gap persists
- females more fat but composition changes - women have changes later - PA and hormones - after adolescense turn into muscles
- upper body for boys and lower for girls

Question 10

growth pattern of puberty

Answer 10

reversed from cephalocaudal to proximodistal - torso grows a whole lot now the young boys spend two years more for their limbs to grow longer - internals catch up

Question 11

First sign of puberty for girls

Answer 11

menarche - 10.5-16.5 (12.8)

appearance of breast buds is the first sign but this is more accurate and memorable

Question 12

how do they know about the first signs of puberty

Answer 12

recall/longitudinal studies

Question 13

natures delay for females

Answer 13

does not move through menarche until it is ready to carry an organism to full term - physical size/maturation of organs/viable ovum

Question 14

secondary characteristics

Answer 14

breasts and hair 3-4 yrs

Question 15

onset of maturation for girls depends on 2

Answer 15

role of heredity - twins apart
environmental - body fat percentage - fat for estrogen after precursor hormones
delay - intense physical training or decrease intake of nutrients, stress, less body fat
initiate - obesity/increased social economic status - more body fat, ethnic - aftican vs asian

Question 16

egg number in women

Answer 16

constant - germ cells decide that 4-5 weeks into gestation - oogonia

Question 17

female rats and eggs

Answer 17

they continue to produce germ cells for eggs

Question 18

atresia

Answer 18

destructive egg loss - entire lifespan

Question 19

how many eggs do we haev?

Answer 19

40,000 which is more than what we need

Question 20

oogenesis

Answer 20

beginning of an egg that happens every month

Question 21

if ovum is not fertilized

Answer 21

disintegrates

Question 22

first sign of sexual maturation in males

Answer 22

enlargement of tesest 9.5-13.5 (11.5) - sperm production (viable and nonviable) - not a common measurement - challenging between 1 and 2 - not common measurement

Question 23

spermache

Answer 23

12-16 (13)

Question 24

natures delay for boys

Answer 24

not viable sperm for a period of time

Question 25

production of sperm

Answer 25

quicker and quicker rate of maturation - well over 100 million sperm a day

Question 26

other characteristics of male sexual maturation

Answer 26

hair, voice (lvl of hormones), androgen

Question 27

spermiogenesis

Answer 27

become sperm or spermatozoon with three regions - head (all genetic info), mid piece (metabolic info - fighting through the egg), tail (locomotion)

Question 28

similarities for male and female gamete production - 2

Answer 28

meiosis - function of them may deterioate

Question 29

differences for male and female game production

Answer 29

males produce more and it happens across their lifespan, women produce one a month

Question 30

formal operational stage - 3

Answer 30

thought process was based on reality - what we believe is happening most expect to move into during early adolescense - but theres too much physical going on hypothetical - deductive reasoning - how do i ask for the car problem solving - possibility to reality

Question 31

general theory

Answer 31

deduce - hypothesis

Question 32

hypothetical deductive reasoning - pendulum problem

Answer 32

what influences the speed with the pendulum swings through its arc - how high you pull it (resistance) - weight of the string - length of string

Question 33

concrete to formal operational

Answer 33

we have to make the transition cognitively

Question 34

scientific reasoning

Answer 34

going back to the drawing board

Question 35

propositional thought

Answer 35

either or vs and statements | - concrete operational cannot decipher the diff, formal operational can

Question 36

abstract thought and adolescence

Answer 36

ideologies - inexperiences with what it represents, ineloquent to deal with it, they do not manage abstract thoughts well - immature transition

Question 37

abstract thought results in 2

Answer 37

argumentative | self-consciousness and self focussing

Question 38

argumentative

Answer 38

mis use with authoritative and peer relationshis, formed and based on principles otherwise we run into challenges

Question 39

self consciousness and self focusing | 3 things

Answer 39

social norms resulted in distorted views imaginary audience personal fable idealism and criticism

Question 40

imaginary audience

Answer 40

on stage all the time and dont take criticism very well because they are hurtful

Question 41

personal fable - 3

Answer 41

level of importance in that environemnt - move out of that to know how to work abstract thought - sense of over importance and value for themselves - risk taking - inpenetrability

Question 42

idealism and criticism

Answer 42

they think they see and understand other ppl - utopia - they can make their own rules and morals - strive to move to and exist critical of their own world, somethings better somehwere else

Question 43

adolescence is important for 2

Answer 43

gaining experience | tumultuous time period that can bring as many learning experience for both the parent and the child