Physical and Mechanical Properties

Question 1

What are physical properties?

Answer 1

Things that are measurable

Question 2

What is thermal conductivity?

Answer 2

The quantity of heat that flows through a material

Question 3

What is electrical conductivity?

Answer 3

The quantity of electricity that’s transferred through a material

Question 4

What is corrosion resistance?

Answer 4

A material’s ability to prevent chemical/electrochemical attack by atmosphere, moisture, or other

Question 5

What is density?

Answer 5

The mass of material per unit volume

Question 6

What is the formula for density?

Answer 6

ρ = m / v
density = mass / volume

Question 7

What is a melting point?

Answer 7

The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

Question 8

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 8

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance

Question 9

What is the equation for heat capacity?

Answer 9

C = Q / ∆T
heat capacity = energy / change in temperature

Question 10

What is hardenability?

Answer 10

The ability of steel to go from austenite (solid carbon stable at high temps) to martensite (hard, brittle carbon) when cooled

Question 11

What is weldability?

Answer 11

The ability of a material to weld with similar materials

Question 12

What is permativity?

Answer 12

The ability of a material to store electrical potential energy under the influence of an electric field

Question 13

What is recyclability?

Answer 13

The ability for a material to be recycled

Question 14

What is thermal expansion?

Answer 14

A change in the size of a material in response to a change in temperature

Question 15

What is linear expansion?

Answer 15

Changes in length compared to original length

Question 16

What is areal expansion/superficial expansion?

Answer 16

Changes in area compared to original area

Question 17

What is volumetric expansion/cubical expansion?

Answer 17

Changes in volume compared to original volume

Question 18

What is permeability?

Answer 18

The measure of magnetisation that a material obtains in response to an applied magnetic field

Question 19

What is stress?

Answer 19

The internal forces acting on an object

Question 20

What is elastic deformation?

Answer 20

The change of shape a material goes through when it undergoes stress

Question 21

What is plastic deformation?

Answer 21

Permanent deformation of a material when force is removed

Question 22

What is strain?

Answer 22

The change in shape of a material subject to force

Question 23

What is strength?

Answer 23

The maximum stress a material can withstand

Question 24

What is yield strength? What is ultimate strength?

Answer 24

The stress at which plastic deformation starts to occur
The maximum stress a material can withstand before it fails

Question 25

What is stiffness?

Answer 25

How rigid or flexible a material is

Question 26

What is described by the modulus of elasticity?

Answer 26

A material’s tendency to be deformed elastically when a force is applied to it

Question 27

What is ductility?

Answer 27

A material’s ability to be plastically deformed

Question 28

What is brittleness?

Answer 28

A material’s ability to break without deforming under stress

Question 29

What is toughness?

Answer 29

The ability of a material to absorb energy without failing

Question 30

What is hardness?

Answer 30

The resistance of a material to local deformation

Question 31

What is fatigue strength?

Answer 31

The maximum stress the material can withstand in a given number of cycles

Question 32

What is shear strength?

Answer 32

The material’s ability to resist forces that cause its internal structure to slide against itself

Question 33

What is tensile strength?

Answer 33

The amount of load a section of material can withstand before it breaks