Physical/Chemical Properties and Properties of Matter

Question 1

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 1

Solid, Liquid and Gas

Question 2

Bromine is a liquid at room temperature, when it is put in a fridge Bromine turns to a solid. This process is called:

a) sublimation
b) melting
c) condensation
d) freezing ( also called solidification)

Answer 2

Answer is D

Question 3

When there is a bright but cool winter day, snow seems to disappear from the snow banks. This process is called;

a) evaporation
b) sublimation
c) melting
d) condensation

Hint: Snow is a solid and it’s changing directly to a gas

Answer 3

Answer is B

Question 4

Choose the correct definition. A LIQUID has:

a) a definite shape and an indefinite volume
b) an indefinite volume and an indefinite shape
c) a definite volume and a definite shape
d) an indefinite shape and a definite volume

Remember definite means it doesn’t change. Indefinite means the shape will change

Answer 4

Answer is D

a liquid can’t increase in size just because you pour it into another container (that is definite volume)

a liquid will change shape depending on what container it’s poured into.

Question 5

What are the 4 main points in the particle theory

Answer 5

1. Everything is made up of particles
2. Particles are always in motion
3. There is attraction between particles
4. The more energy the particles have, they faster they move and the more space they occupy

Question 6

Which of the following properties of sugar is not a physical property?
1 Sugar turns black when it is heated
2 Sugar dissolves readily in water
3 Sugar has a sweet taste
4 Sugar is a white solid at room temperature

Answer 6

Answer is 1 - turning black when heated is a chemical property as a new substance is formed

Question 7

Which property is described by the statement that aluminum can be bent into various shapes?
•	Density
•	Malleability
•	Hardness
•	Viscosity

Answer 7

Malleability

Question 8

Which of the following is a mixture:

a) a pencil
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Copper
d) Baking Soda (Sodium BiCarbonate)

Answer 8

The pencil is a mixture because you have the inside of the pencil (graphite) and the outside of the pencil (wood) and the eraser (rubber) and the metal holding the eraser to the pencil.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a physical change?

a) dissolving salt in water
b) cutting a pizza
c) stretching copper into wires
d) putting a glowing split into a test tube and hearing a loud pop

Answer 9

Answer is D

WHY? an unexpected noise

Question 10

When a substance reacts with oxygen to produced carbon dioxide, is a Chemical Property that that is called this :

a) solubility
b) Malleability
c) Combustibility
d) Reaction with Acid

Answer 10

a) Combustibilty

Question 11

Copper is pulled into wire. Is this a chemical or physical change?

Answer 11

Physical (DUCTILITY)

Question 12

The density of a substance is 1.01 g/mL. Is this a chemical or physical property!

Answer 12

This is a Physical Property.

Question 13

A diamond can scratch any other material. This is an example of what property? Is this a physical or chemical property?

Answer 13

Hardness. This is a Physical property

Question 14

Which activity below does not represent a chemical change?

a) burning logs
b) ripening pears
c) decaying leaves
d) melting ice cubes

Answer 14

d) melting ice cubes (Physical Change)

all others are Chemical Changes

Question 15

The point at which a liquid becomes a solid is called:

a) the freezing point
b) the melting point
c) the boiling point
d) the condensation point

Answer 15

a) freezing pointIn

Question 16

Boiling point is a chemical property that can be used to identify substances:

a True
b False

Answer 16

FALSE

Boiling point is a PHYSICAL Property

Question 17

A rusting piece of metal is a Chemical or Physical Change?

Answer 17

Chemical (rust is iron oxide and that’s the formation of a new substance)

Question 18

Folding your shirt is a Chemical or Physical Change?

Answer 18

Physical Change

Question 19

Using particle theory, describe what happens to the particles in a substance when it cools . (when heat energy is removed)

Answer 19

According to particle theory, the more energy the particles have the :
faster they move and
the further apart they are

When heat energy is removed, the particles will slow down and they will get closer together. The substance should take up less space.

Question 20

Choose the correct definition for what a solid is:

a) has a definite shape and an indefinite volume
b) has and indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
c) has a indefinite shape and a definite volume
d) has a definite shape and a definite volume

Answer 20

A solid has a DEFINITE SHAPE and a DEFINITE VOLUME.

A solid will keep it’s shape no matter what you put it in . Think of a rock in a box.

A solid will not change it’s volume unless you break it.

Question 21

In the Periodic table there is a staircase.

What type of elements are located to the right of the staircase?

Answer 21

non metals

Question 22

Give 4 characteristics of non metals.

Answer 22

not shiny
poor conductors
can be solid, liquid or gas at room temperature
when they are SOLID they are Brittle and not ductile

Question 23

Which of the following elements would be most reactive?

Answer 23

because for METALS as you move DOWN the table, the elements become more reactive

Question 24

As you travel across the Periodic Table, in a row, what is the same about all the elements?
What is different about all the elements?

Answer 24

SAME - each element has the same number of ENERGY LEVELS or ORBITS

DIFFERENT - each element as a different number of electrons in the outermost orbit

Question 25

Why are Nobel Gases considered the most STABLE of all elements?

Answer 25

Because every energy level (or orbit) is filled will the maximum number of electrons.

Question 26

Which is the least reactive of these substances? Figure this out by applying what you know about families in the periodic table. a) Iodine b) Bromine c) Chlorine d) Flourine

Answer 26

Because according to the periodic table these are all non metals. Nonmetals become more reactive as you go UP the periodic table

Question 27

Going across the Periodic table, the groups of elements are referred to as a : a) period b) group c) family d) column

Answer 27

ACROSS the Periodic Table is a) PERIOD DOWN IS CALLED A FAMILY

Question 28

Why are metals good materials to build cars out of?

Answer 28

Metals are easy to change their shape without breaking them (this means they are mallaeble) They have a high melting point ( so they won't melt when the engine gets hot) They are easily stretched into wires (ductile) and good conductors of electricity.

Question 29

What can non metals be used for?

Answer 29

good at preventing the spread of heat (used as insulation in a house or in cooking utensils to prevent the heat of the water in the pot moving up the spoon) good at preventing the movement of electricity. Good insulators for wires.

Question 30

Elements located right beside the 'STAIRCASE' in the Periodic Table are called __________ elements?

Answer 30

Metalloid

Question 31

What are the characteristics of metals

Answer 31

``` shiny good conductors malleable ductile high melting point usually a solid at room temperature ```

Question 32

Classify the following substances as mixture, compound or pure substance: a) Ferric oxide b) Ocean Water c) Copper

Answer 32

a) Ferric Oxide (has iron and oxygen) COMPOUND b) Ocean water (has salt, plants etc) MIXTURE c) Copper is an element so it's a PURE SUBSTANCE

Question 33

What do you look for to tell if a you have seen a substance undergo a CHEMICAL CHANGE?

Answer 33

look for the formation of a new substance look for a release of light or sound look for an unexpected colour change

Question 34

Deposition is a change that occurs when a gas change directly into a solid and heat is released. The evidence that this is a physical change is: a) energy is released or absorbed b) it is a permanent change c) gas bubbles form during this process d) no new substance is formed

Answer 34

d) no new substance is formed is a PHYSICAL change. all the other choice are evidence of a chemical change

Question 35

It's hard to tell if a chemical change has occurred. Which of the following indicates a chemical change? a) an unexpected change in colour and b) the release or absorption of energy (heat or sound) c) a new material is formed d) the formation of a solid (a precipitate) in a liquid e) all of the above

Answer 35

ANSWER is E

Question 36

Classify the following substances as a Mixture, Compound or Element a) Soil in a garden b) Brownie Mix c) HCl

Answer 36

a) Mixture b) Mixture c) Compound (H hydrogen and Cl Chlorine)

Question 37

Frost forming on a car window is a __________ change.

Answer 37

Physical Change Water is changing from the gas state in the air to the solid state on your car window.

Question 38

Ferric Chloride and Potassium Iodide are mixed together. They are both clear, colourless liquids. After 30 seconds they turn blue. This is an example of a _______________change.

Answer 38

Chemical Change an unexpected colour change happened.

Question 39

When an atom gets an electron from another atom it will have a: positive charge negative charge

Answer 39

An extra electron gives the atom a NEGATIVE CHARGE