Physics 10 vocab Flashcards
(30 cards)
Joseph Black
- thought that heat was an invisible fluid that flowed from hot to cold things
- lead to unit of calories
- increase temp of 1g of water by 1 degree
count rumford
- heat is equivalent to energy
- realtionship between mechanical energy and heat
- went against caloric theory
james prescott joule
- heat is another form of energy
- experimented to support connection between Ep and heat, and Ek and heat (Em and heat)
- agreed with rumford
- unit of energy, joule, was named after him
chemical energy
potential energy stored in chemical bonds of compounds
electrical energy
work done by moving charges
nuclear energy
potential energy stored in the nucleus of the atom
solar energy
energy from the sun
kinetic energy
energy of motion
(gravitational) potential energy
potential to do work because of an objects position or condition
mechanical energy
sum of potential and kinetic energy
thermal energy
energy an object has due to the kinetic energy of the particles in the object (heat)
thomas savery
- invented fist successful steam powered pump
- used to pump water out of mines
thomas newcomen
- his engine relied of atmospheric pressure
- pressure moves from high to low
james watt
- worked for decades trying to create a more efficient steam engine
- his became the model for all engines for many years
- double acting steam engine (piston went in both directions)
Work formula
- W=Fd
- F=W/d
- d=W/F
speed formula
- v=d/t
- d=vt
- t=d/v
velocity formula
- v= d/t
- t=d/v
- d=vt
acceleration formula
- a=v/t
- v=at
- t=v/a
efficiency formula
- eff=u/t x100
- u=eff x t/100
- t= u x 100/eff
Ep formula
- Ep=mgh
- g=Ep/mh
- m=Ep/gh
- h=Ep/mg
Ek formula
- Ek=1/2mv^2
- m=2Ek/v^2
- v=√2Ek/m
1st law of thermodynamics
the total energy, including heat, in system and it’s surroundings remains constant
2nd law of thermodynamics
heat always flows naturally from a hot object to a cold object, but never naturally the other way around
work
movement of matter from one location to another
