Physics Flashcards
1
Q
Torque
A
T = rFsin(theta)
2
Q
Hydrostatic Pressure
A
Psub = pgh
3
Q
Equivalents of Pressure
A
1 atm
760 mmHg
10^5 Pascals
760 Torr
4
Q
Density
A
p = m/v
5
Q
Specific Gravity
A
SG = p of fluid / p of water
6
Q
Absolute Pressure
A
Pabsolute = Phydrostatic + Patmospheric
7
Q
Gauge Pressure
A
Pgauge = Psystem - Patmospheric
8
Q
Percent Submersion
A
% submerged = [(density of object) / (density of liquid)] * 100
9
Q
Buoyant Force
A
Fbuoyant = pVg
10
Q
Volume of Fluid Displaced
A
Vdisplaced = (mass of object) / (density of fluid)
11
Q
Pascal’s Law
A
(F1 / A1) = (F2 / A2)
W = F1d1 = F2d2
12
Q
Pythagorean Theorem
A
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
c = sqrt(a^2 + b^2)
13
Q
Kinematic Equation 1
A
d = 1/2(vi + vf)t
14
Q
Kinematic Equation 2
A
vf = vi + at
15
Q
Kinematic Equation 3
A
delta(x) = (vi)(t) + 1/2(at^2)
16
Q
Kinematic Equation 4
A
vf^2 = vi^2 + 2(a)(delta(x))
17
Q
Newton’s First Law
A
If velocity is constant:
Fnet = 0
18
Q
Newton’s Second Law
A
Fnet = ma
19
Q
Newton’s Third Law
A
F(AB) = -F(BA)
20
Q
Center of Mass
A
xcenter = (m1x1 + m2x2 + … + mkxk) / (m1 + m2 + … + mk)
21
Q
Static Friction
A
Fmax = mu(s)N
22
Q
Kinetic Friction
A
Fkinetic = mu(k)N
23
Q
Gravitational Formula
A
Fgrav = G((m1m2) / r^2)
24
Q
Centripetal Acceleration
A
a = (v^2) / r
25
Centripetal Force
Fc = (mv^2) / r
26
Hooke's Law
Fspring = -kx
27
Work
W = |F|*d*cos(theta)
28
Power
P = W / delta(t)
29
Kinetic Energy
KE = 1/2(mv^2)
30
Potential Energy
PEgrav = mgh
31
Elastic Potential Energy
PEelastic = 1/2(kx^2)
32
Conservation of Energy
Keinitial + PEinitial = KEfinal + PEfinal
33
Work-Energy Theorem
W = delta(KE) = KEfinal - KEinitial
34
Work (Pressure-Volume Curve)
W = P * delta(V)
35
Kinetic Energy of Particle
KE = 1/2(mv^2)rms
36
Kinetic Energy of a Particle
KE = 3/2(kB)T
37
Root Mean Square of Velocity
v(rms) = sqrt(3RT / Mm)
38
Celsius to Fahrenheit
C = (F - 32) * 5/9
39
Fahrenheit to Celsius
F = (C * 9/5) + 32
40
First Law of Thermodynamics
delta(U) = Q - W
41
Thermal Expansion 1
delta(L) = alpha(L) * L * delta(T)
42
Thermal Expansion 2
delta(V) = alpha(V) * V * delta(T)
43
Ideal Gas Law
PV = nRT
n = 6 x 10^23
44
Pressure
P = F / A
45
Poiseuille's Law
Q = ((pi)(t^4)(delta(P)) / (8(nu)(L))
46
Bernoulli's Law
P1 + 1/2pv1^2 + pgh1 = P2 + 1/2pv2^2 + pgh2
47
Continuity Equation
v1A1 = v2A2
48
Pitot Tube
Pstag - Pstatic = 1/2pv^2
49
Resistance
R = p(l / A)
50
Conductance
G = sigma(A / l)
51
Coulomb's Law
F = (kq1q2) / r^2
52
Electric Field
E = F / q = kQ / r^2
53
Electric Potential Energy
U = (kQq) / r
54
Electric Potential (Voltage)
V = U / q = kQ / r
55
Ohm's Law
V = IR
56
Power
P = IV = (I^2)R = (V^2) / R
57
Current in Series
Itotal = I1 = I2 = ... = In
58
Voltage in Series
Vsource = V1 + V2 + ... + Vn
59
Resistance in Series
Rtotal = R1 + R2 + ... + Rn
60
Current in Parallel
I total = I1 + I2 + ... + In
61
Voltage in Parallel
Vtotal = V1 = V2 = ... = Vn
62
Resistance in Parallel
1 / Rtotal = (1 / R1) + (1 / R2) + ... + (1 / Rn)
63
Capacitance
C = Q / V
C is capacitance in Farads (F)
Q is charge in Coulombs (C)
V is voltage in Volts (V)
64
Capacitance
C = epsilon(A / d)
65
Electric Field Between Capacitor Plates
E = V / d
66
Capacitance in Series
1 / Ctotal = (1 / C1) + (1 / C2) + ... + (1 / Cn)
67
Capacitance in Parallel
Ctotal = C1 + C2 + ... + Cn
68
Magnetic Field Around a Wire
B = (mu * I) / (2 * pi * r)
69
Magnetic Force on a Charge
Fb = qvBsin(theta)
70
Magnetic Force on a Wire
Fb = ILBsin(theta)
71
Period of a Mass on a Spring
T = 2 * pi * sqrt(m / k)
72
Period of a Pendulum
T = 2 * pi * sqrt(L /g)
73
Velocity of a Wave
v = lambda * f
74
Speed of Sound
Vsound = sqrt(B / p)
75
Decibel Level
dB = 10log(I / I0)
76
Doppler Effect
f' = f0 ((vsound + vobserver) / (vsound + vsource))
77
Standing Wave for a String or Pipe Open at Both Ends
lambda = 2L / n
78
Standing Wave for a Pipe Closed at One End
lambda = 4L / n(odd)
79
Energy of an Electromagnetic Wave
E = hf = hc / lambda
E = energy J
h = Planck constant = 6.626 x 10^-34 J/s
f = frequency = c/wavelength = 3x10^8 m/s/wavelength m = s^-1
80
Refractive Index
n = c / v
n=index
c = 3 x 10^8 m/s (speed of light in vaccum)
v = phase velocity of light in m/s
81
Snell's Law
n1sin(theta1) = n2sin(theta2)
82
Single-Slit Diffraction
Asin(theta) = m * lambda
83
Double-Slit Diffraction Maximum
Dsin(theta) = n * lambda
84
Double-Slit Diffraction Minimum
Dsin(theta) = (n + 1/2) * lambda
85
Thin Lens Equation
(1 / f) = (1 / o) + (1 / i)
86
Magnification
m = -(i / o)
87
Power of a Lens
P = 1 / f (can be in diopters)
88
Mass-Energy Equivalence
E = mc^2
89
Photoelectric Effect
KEmax = Eincident - Ework
90
Rydberg Equation
(1 / lambda) = R((1 / n1^2) - (1 / n2^2))
91
Alpha Decay
(AZ)X ---> (A - 4)(Z - 2)Y + Helium nucleus
92
Beta-Minus Decay
(AZ)X ---> (A)(Z + 1)Y + electron
93
Beta-Plus Decay
(AZ)X ---> (A)(Z - 1)Y + positron
94
Gamma Decay
(AZ)X* ---> (AZ)X + high energy radiation
95
Electron Capture
(AZ)X + electron ---> (A)(Z - 1)Y
96
Exponential Decay
n = n0 * e^(-lambda * t)
97
Half-Life
t(1/2) = 0.693 / lambda
98
Radioactive Decay Law
N(t) = N (1/2) ^ (t/T)
T = half life
99
Power or work
P = W/T
W = P X T
T = time
100
power units
Watt
= Joule / sec
=kg / (m^2 x s^3)
101
Work units
Joule
=Nm
=kg x m/s^2
102
Power consumed
P = mgh/time
103
velocity
=distance/time
104
Energy with voltage and capacitance
E = 1/2 x C x V^2
C= capacitance in F
V=volts in V
E= J
105
resistivity
resistivity = 1/conductivity
106
current is
charge (C) / time (s) AKA Ampere
107
1 L
1000 cm^3
108
area of a circle
=pi x r^2
