Physics

Question 1

What is electromagnetic radiation

Answer 1

It consists of energy travelling in the form of waves through space that radiate from energy sources

Question 2

What are photons

Answer 2

-Energy particles.
- All photons travel at the speed of light and oscillate (make a wave).
-has energy and movement but do not have mass or charge

Question 3

What is the EMR

Answer 3

-The energy travelling in the form of waves thru space that radiates from an energy source
-basically a stream of photons

Question 4

What the the EMR spectrum from the longest wavelengths to the shortest wavelengths

Answer 4

Radio waves, microwave, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma ray
(RMI VUXG)

Question 5

What colours have the longest wavelength and shortest

Answer 5

-Red has the lowest amount of energy associated with it
-longest wavelength

-purple has the greatest amount of energy associated with it
-shortest wavelength

Question 6

What is a wave

Answer 6

-A disturbance or movement that transfers
energy thru space or matter
-is the top of one wave to another wave (horizontal)

Question 7

What is an amplitude

Answer 7

The distance between the crest and rest position or the trough and rest position (vertical)

Question 8

What is the frequency, how do u calculate it

Answer 8

-The number or cycles that occurs in a given time (Hz)
-to find the frequency divide:
Frequency=the number of occurrences / time interval

Question 9

What is the trough and crest

Answer 9

The trough is the bottom of a wave
The crest is the top of the wave

Question 10

What is the ray model of light

Answer 10

-states that light rays travel in a straight line and cannot bend around objects
-can be used to predict size, location, and shape of shadows

Question 11

What are the types of waves (2)

Answer 11

Transverse waves:moves up and down perpendicular to the direction of the wave

Longitudinal wave: moves forward and backward along the same direction of the wave

Question 12

What is the wave model of light

Answer 12

Explains how light behaves as a wave

Question 13

What is the particle model of light

Answer 13

Explains the photoelectric effect:
-different colours of light shine onto certain metals
-red light cannot detach electrons when hitting metal
-blue light always detached electrons when hitting metal
(Suggested by Albert Einstein)

Question 14

What is reflection

Answer 14

Light bounces off

Question 15

What is absorption

Answer 15

Light is trapped as heat

Question 16

What is Transmission

Answer 16

Light passes through at different levels

Question 17

What is refraction

Answer 17

Light bends as it passes from one medium to another

Question 18

What are the types of materials. Explain

Answer 18

Transparent: all or most of light is transmitted. Only a small amount is scattered

Opaque: all or most of light is relected or absorbed. No light passes thru

Translucent: only some light is transmitted and the light is scattered in all directions

Question 19

What are the laws of reflection

Answer 19

1. The angle of reflection = the angle of incidence <r=<i
   2.the incident ray and reflected ray are on the opposite sides of the normal
2. The incident ray, the Normal, and the reflected ray lie on the same plane

Question 20

What are the characteristics of a plane mirror

Answer 20

• smooth flat reflective surface
  -nearly identical to the object

Question 21

What are the characteristics of a concave mirror

Answer 21

-object is far away from the focal point: closer, smaller, inverted, real

-object is close to the focal point: farther, larger, inverted, real

-object is in front of focal point: father, larger, upright, virtual

-curves inward

-converges light rays

Question 22

What does virtual, and real mean

Answer 22

Virtual: extended rays meet behind mirror; image appears to be behind the mirror

Real: light rays meet in front of mirror; image appears to be in front of mirror

Question 23

What are the characteristics of a convex mirror

Answer 23

-curves outward

-always produces an image closer, smaller, upright, virtual

Question 24

What is a lens

Answer 24

A transparent object that causes light to refract and has at least one curved side

Question 25

What is converging And diverging

Answer 25

Converging: bring parallel light rays toward a common point Diverging: spread away parallel light rays

Question 26

How is a rainbow formed

Answer 26

White light from the sun enters a raindrop and refracts then it reflects off the back of the ring drop and refracts again as exit the EMR spectrum has different wavelengths and each reflects a different angle so the spectrum is separated, in order producing a rainbow

Question 27

How is a mirage formed

Answer 27

When the air is cool, and the ground is hot, layers of air appear when light rays travel from the cool air to the hot ground that bends in a U-shaped, different air masses, collide together and act as a mirror so when the light rays reaches our eyes, we can see reflections of things

Question 28

What is the pupil

Answer 28

Where are the light enters your eye

Question 29

What is the iris?

Answer 29

Coloured circle, control how much light gets into your eye

Question 30

What is the cornea?

Answer 30

Transparent tissuee

Question 31

What is the ciliary muscle?

Answer 31

They control the shape of the lens to adjust for near and far objects

Question 32

What is the retina

Answer 32

Convex lens images are formed

Question 33

What are the fiber and cells

Answer 33

Convert light to our brain-optic nerves

Question 34

What is the vitreous humor

Answer 34

Jelly fluid

Question 35

What is hyperopia

Answer 35

-farsightedness (can only see far) -eyeball is too short or the cornea does not curve as much -the light does not refract enough so the light is focused behind the retina instead of on it

Question 36

What is myopia

Answer 36

-nearsightedness (can only see close) -The eyeball is too long were the cornea is too curve, so the light is refracted too much for the light focusses in front of the retina instead of directly on it

Question 37

What kind of lens is glasses/contacts

Answer 37

Diverging lens

Question 38

What are Cataracts

Answer 38

Cloudy and/or loss of vision due to proteins buildup in the lens of your eye as you grow older

Question 39

How can you treat Cataracts?

Answer 39

Surgery

Question 40

What is astigmatism?

Answer 40

-blurry at all distances -Cornea has a elongated shape and light focuses on multiple points

Question 41

How is refraction related to density?

Answer 41

-The angle of refraction is related to the density of the medium -refraction is related to density because the speed of light changes when it passes from one medium to another with different density

Question 42

What is the sclera

Answer 42

The white layer of the eye that covers most of the outside of the eyeball