Physics Flashcards
Kinetic Theory:
All matter consist of tiny particles.
Electrical forces, both attractive and repulsive, exist between these particles.
Particles moves constantly and in a random manner.
Collisions between particles involve no loss of kinetic energy
The distance between the particles in a gas are large compared to the size of the particles.
Thermal Energy:
The thermal energy of an object is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all of the particles in that object.
The particles in a substance all move by vibration, rotation or by travelling from one place to another. Their kinetic energy determines how fast they are moving.
The particles also attract or repel neighboring particles so they have also have potential energy.
Temperature
Temperature measures the average kinetic energies of an object’s particle. Temp is measures in Celsius.
Heat
Heat describes thermal energy being transferred between objects because of a difference in their temperature.
Heat is measured in joules.
Heat always flows from a body at a higher temperature to a body with a lower temperature.
Heat transfer between the objects stops when their temperature is equal. This is called Thermal equilibrium.
Absolute Zero
As an object is cooled the particles slow down.
In all objects there exist a temperature at which all movements are the slowest they can possibly be. This point is called absolute 0 which is -273.15 Celsius.
The kelvin(k) temperature scale is a temperature scale which uses absolute zero as 0.
One kelvin is the same temperature difference as one degree celcius.
Specific Heat Capacity:
Specific heat capacity of a material is the amount energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of the material by 1 degree Celsius or 1 kelvin.
