Physics Flashcards
(82 cards)
What is LaPlace’s Law?
P = T/r (cylindrical vessel)
P = 2T/r (sphere)
Describes pressure in alveoli and gas-filled bubbles, indicating that for two spheres with the same wall tension, the sphere with the smaller radius will have more pressure.
What does the Hagen-Poiseuille equation convey?
R = 8 x n x l / pi x r^4
Q = pi x r^4(deltaP)/8 x n x L
It describes the resistance or pressure drop of a Newtonian fluid with laminar flow through a cylindrical pipe.
What is Reynold’s number used to describe?
Re = p x v x d / n
A dimensionless number that indicates flow type: <2k is laminar,
2-4k is transitional, and >4k is turbulent.
Turbulent fluid more dependent on density
What is Avogadro’s number?
6.023 x 10^23
Defines the number of particles in one mole of a substance.
What formula represents weight?
F = m x g
Where F is net force or weight, m is mass, and g is acceleration due to gravity.
What is a Joule?
J = f x d or J = P x V
A derived unit of SI energy; represents energy transferred when a 1 Newton force acts on an object through a distance of 1 m.
How is power of breathing calculated?
Power = work of breathing in J x RR
Where RR is the respiratory rate.
What does efficiency represent?
E = (energy output / energy input) x 100%
It is the percentage ratio of output to input energy.
What does Newton’s 1st Law state?
Objects remain at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an outside force.
What is Newton’s 2nd Law?
F = M x A
Where F is force in Newtons, M is mass, and A is acceleration.
What describes Newton’s 3rd Law?
For every force, there is an equal and opposite force.
What is the formula for pressure?
P = F / A
Where P is pressure, F is force, and A is area.
What does Hooke’s Law state?
F = -k x X
Relates the force needed to displace a spring with respect to the distance of displacement.
What does Bernoulli’s Principle describe?
An increase in fluid speed occurs with a decrease in static pressure or potential energy.
Modified Bernoulli: DeltaP = 4v^2
Bernoulli = constant = P + pgh + 1/2mv^2
What is the Coanda effect?
Fluid will follow a convex contour when flowing tangential to its surface.
What is density?
d = m / V
Describes the amount of matter or mass present per unit volume.
What is Dalton’s Law?
The partial pressure exerted by a gas is proportional to its fractional contents.
What does Henry’s Law state?
The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid at equilibrium.
C (solubility) = Pgas x Kh
P = kh X C
What does Raoult’s Law describe?
The partial vapor pressure of each component in an ideal mixture is equal to its vapor pressure multiplied by its mole fraction.
The presence of a nonvolatile solute will decrease the solution’s vapor pressure
PP (of solvent in solution) = mole fract of solvent x Vp (vapor pressure of solvent)
Psol (partial pressure) = Xsol x Psol
Means that as you add more solvent to a solution, the lower the vapor pressure will be
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
PV = nRT
States that ideal gas molecules do not attract or repel each other and take no volume.
What does Boyle’s Law state?
P1V1 = P2V2
At constant temperature, volume of a fixed amount of gas varies inversely with its pressure.
What is Charles’ Law?
V1/T1 = V2/V2 or V/T = K
At constant pressure, volume of a fixed gas varies directly with its absolute temperature.
What does Gay-Lussac’s Law describe?
P1/T1 = P2/T2 or P/T = K
At constant volume, pressure of a fixed amount of gas varies in proportion with its absolute temperature.
What does Ohm’s Law state?
V = IR
P = QR
Poisieulle’s Law derived from this; basis for SVR calculation
Relates voltage, current, and resistance.
