Physics Flashcards

(62 cards)

1
Q

measure of the total energy of a thermodynamic system

A

Enthalpy

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2
Q

if the energy is released during a reaction. Such a reaction is called ………and the delta H is negative

A

Exothermic reaction

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3
Q

If the energy could be consumed in a reaction. Such reactions are called ……and the delta H is positive here

A

Endothermic reaction

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4
Q

The ability to do work because of position is called

A

potential energy

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5
Q

The ability to do work because of motion is called

A

Kinetic energy

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6
Q

The SI unit for power is

A

Watt

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7
Q

Bourdon tube would typically be used to measure?

A

Gage pressure

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8
Q

A temperature of 0 K corresponds to

A

-273 °C

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9
Q

The SI units of relative density are

A

unitless

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10
Q

The SI units for specific weight are

A

KN/m3

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11
Q

The result when we have a force per unit area is

A

Pressure

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12
Q

A force through a distance is referred to as

A

work

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13
Q

The capability of doing work is referred to as

A

energy

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14
Q

The base SI units of density are

A

Kg/m3

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15
Q

The SI unit for work is

A

Joule

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16
Q

In terms of viscosity, a fluid that behaves in a linear fashion according to the shear stress/velocity gradient relationship would be considered to be a

A

Newtonian fluid

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17
Q

________ is a substance’s absolute viscosity over its density

A

Kinematic viscosity

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18
Q

Dynamic viscosity is a function of

A

Sheer stress over shear rate

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19
Q

Viscosity will typically decrease in liquids if

A

the temperature increases

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20
Q

Viscosity will typically increase in gases

A

if the temperature increases

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21
Q

Density will typically increase in all substances if

A

the pressure increases

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22
Q

Adiabatic process

A

no heat is absorved

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23
Q

Specific heat of water

A

4.183 KJ/Kg °C

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24
Q

Specific heat of ice

A

2.135 KJ/Kg °C

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25
Latent heat of fusion of ice
335 KJ/Kg °C
26
Latent heat of vaporization of steam
2257 KJ/Kg °C
27
Applying energy results in direct temperature change in substance. No phase change
Sensible heat (kinetic energy)
28
Applying energy doesn’t result in Δt but goes towards changing the phase of the substance.
Latent Energy (hidden energy)
29
Melting or freezing ie. Ice
Latent Heat of fusion
30
Boiling, condensing ie Steam
Latent Heat of vaporization
31
Used to describe a point where a change of state in a substance takes place
Saturation
32
No liquid – Saturated
Dry Steam
33
dryness fraction (fraction that is vapor)
q
34
Saturated steam where temperature rises again
Superheat of steam
35
Changing ______ changes boiling point
pressure
36
Triple Point
The point at which solid, liquid, gas, coexist in equilibrium
37
Vapor
A gas not far removed from liquid state
38
Sublimation
Solid Phase passes directly to vapor
39
Enthalpy Increases with
increase of pressure
40
What happens to Latent heat with rise in pressure
Latent Heat goes down
41
Critical Temperature
The temperature at which gas cannot be liquefied regardless of pressure applied
42
Ideal Gas
Any gas that obeys ideal gas laws NOT vapours
43
volume occupied by one gram mole of gas
Molar volume of Gas
44
Ideal gas Law
PV=RT
45
The internal energy (U) and then enthalpy (H) of an ideal gas only depend on
temperature
46
Boyle's law
If gas is under constant temperature then volume wil vary inversely with change in absolute pressure PV/T
47
Charles Law
Gas under constant volume will have pressure vary dirrectly with temperature PV/T
48
Gas expands contracts without energy
Adiabatic
49
Polytropic
No system truly ever doesn't lose heat
50
Where the fluid moves slowly in layers in a pipe, without much mixing among the layers.
Laminar flow
51
Reynolds number \< than or = to 2000
Laminar flow usually happens in small pipes and low flow velocity
52
Reynold's Number \> than or = to 4000
Turbulent flow unpredictable, high flow rates
53
Typically occurs when the velocity is low or the fluid is very viscous.
Laminar flow
54
In between 2000 and 4000 (Reynolds number)
Critical Region Flow or Transitional flow- it is not possible to predict what type of flow exists. Can be either laminar or turbulent difficult to pin down.
55
Reynold's number is directly proportional to velocity and inversely proportional to
viscocity
56
Turbulent flow - friction factor
based on inside roughness of the pipe and reynolds number
57
the pipe friction loss increases linearly with the flow velocity, and it depends only on the viscosity of the liquid.
laminar flow
58
Centrifugal pump
(Kinetic) High flow rate low pressure rise
59
Dynamic suction head (Hs)
Static suction head minus the friction head
60
Static discharge head
vertical distance between the pump centerline and the free level of the fluid in the discharge tank
61
Dynamic discharge head
Static discharge head + friction head + velocity head
62