Physics Flashcards
(39 cards)
List the 7 areas of physics and what they study.
- Mechanics: motion and its causes, interaction between objects
- Thermodynamics: heat and temperature
- Vibrarions and wave phenomena: types of repetive motion.
- Optics: light
- Electromagnetism: electricity, magnetism, light
- Relativity: particles moving at a any speed
- Quatum Mechanics: behavior of subatomic particles
What is accuracy and precision?
Accuracy: how close a measuremnt is to the correct value.
Precison: exacteness of a measurement.
What is displacement and distance traveled?
displacement: the change in position of an object.
distance traveled: how much do you move.
What is velocity and speed?
speed: has no direction only magnitude
velocity: has direction and numerical value
What is force?
action exerted on an object that changes the object’s state of rest or motion.
What is contact and field force?
contact: result of physical contact between two objects.
field: do not involve physical contact.
Describe each type of force.
- Applied: force applied to an object by another object or person.
- Normal: force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another.
- Tension: transmittes through a rope, cable, forces acting in the ends.
- Spring: by a compressed or streched string upon an obejct attached.
- Gravity: massively object attracts another objects.
- Friction: by a surface as an object moves across it.
- Air resistance: frictional force acts upon objects as they move in air.
Newton’s 3 laws of motion.
- Obejcts at rest remain anpt rest, objects moving at a constant belocity continue at constant velocity, unless a net force is applied.
- Force is proportional to mass and acceleration, acceleration is directly/inversely to mass proportional to the net force.
- For each action there is a equal and opposite reaction.
What is work?
the product of the component of a force along the direction of displacement and the magnitude of the displacement.
What is potential and kinetic energy?
kinetic: is associated with motion.
potential: is the position, shape and condition.
What is power?
quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or enrgy transformed.
What is momentum and impulse?
Momentum: the product of mass and velocity of an object.
Impulse: product of force and time over force.
What is a perfectly inelastic collision and a perfectly elastic collision?
Inelastic: collision in which two objects stick together after colliding, kinetic energy is not conserved but momentum is.
Elastic: collison in which the total momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, after the collision they move separetly.
What is Pascal’s priciple?
Pressure aplied to a fluid in a closed container is transmitted equally to every point of the fluid and to the walls of the container.
What is a fluid?
magnitude of the force on a surface per unit area
Liquid and gas
How do you determine if an object will sink or float in a fluid.
in terms of density
if density is bigger it will float and if it smaller it will sink.
What is buoyant force?
upward force exerted by a liquid on an object immersed in or floating on the liquid.
How can you determine if an object will sink or float in a certain fluid? based on buoyant force.
if bouyant force is bigger or smaller to the object/weight
What is temperature?
measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. if it’s hotter the particles will have more energy nad travel fast
3 temperature scales.
Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin.
What is thermal equilibrium?
state in which 2 bodies in physical contact.
What is heat?
the energy transferred between objects beacuse of a difference in their temperatures.
How is heat transferred?
as heat from objects with higher temperatures to the ones with lower temperatures.
What is phase change?
physical change of a substance from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another at constant temperature and pressures.
