Physics 4: Thermodynamics

Question 1

What law states that “If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.”

Answer 1

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Question 2

“Energy (in the form of heat) is neither created nor destroyed in any thermodynamic system.” This statement refers to which law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 2

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 3

This law states that heat is a form of energy.

Answer 3

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 4

This law states: Heat does not spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body.

Answer 4

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 5

What law states: As the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, all processes cease, and the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value.

Answer 5

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Question 6

“The total amount of disorder the total entropy of a system plus its surroundings will never decrease.” This statement refers to which law of Thermodynamics

Answer 6

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 7

It is the physics of heat and energy

Answer 7

Thermodynamics

Question 8

It is the science that deals with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy.

Answer 8

Thermodynamics

Question 9

Heat is not equal to Temperature

Answer 9

True (Heat is a form of energy)

Question 10

The Latin word for Thermodynamics

Answer 10

Therme (Heat) and Dynamo (Power)

Question 11

The word “thermodynamics” comes from the Greek words “therme” and “dynamics”, which means “heat” and “power”, respectively. This term was coined by the English physicist, _______

Answer 11

James Prescott Joule, in 1849.

Question 12

In 1824, ___________, published the “Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire”, a discourse on heat, power and engine efficiency. Later, he became known as the “Father of Thermodynamics”

Answer 12

Nicolas Sadi Carnot

Question 13

What are the Branches of Thermodynamics?

Answer 13

Classical Thermodynamics
Statistical Thermodynamics
Chemical Thermodynamics

Question 14

It is the branch of thermodynamics that is concerned with thermodynamic states and properties (energy, work and heat) and with the laws of thermodynamics without the atomic interpretation.

This is the “macroscopic” approach of
thermodynamic analysis.

Answer 14

Classical Thermodynamics

Question 15

It is the branch of thermodynamics that includes the atomic and molecular theories.

It is the “microscopic” approach of thermodynamics.

Answer 15

Statistical Thermodynamics

Question 16

It refers to the hotness or coldness of a body

Answer 16

Temperature

Question 17

It is a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles of a sample matter

Answer 17

Temperature

Question 18

It is a measure of the ability of the matter to transfer or receive heat

Answer 18

Temperature

Question 19

It is a property that is dependent on the substance’s energy content.

Answer 19

Temperature

Question 20

What are the Temperature scales?

Answer 20

Celsius
Fahrenheit
Kelvin
Rankine

Question 21

What are the absolute Temperatures?

Answer 21

Kelvin and Rankine

Question 22

The standard Temperature scales

Answer 22

Kelvin

Question 23

Also known as the Centigrade scale, this is perhaps the most widely accepted temperature scale used globally.

Answer 23

Celsius scale

Question 24

In this scale, there are 100 degrees of separation between the boiling point and the freezing point of water, hence the word “centigrade”, which literally means “100 steps”.

Answer 24

Celsius Scale

Question 25

The Celsius Temperature scale was named after the Swedish astronomer

Answer 25

Anders Celsius

Question 26

It is another common scale used in some countries most notably in the United States. In this scale, there are 180 degrees of separation between the boiling point and the freezing point of water.

Answer 26

Fahrenheit scale

Question 27

The Fahrenheit Scale was named after the German physicist, whom was the inventor of the first mercury thermometer that we now use today.

Answer 27

Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit

Question 28

This is the SI unit of temperature and of course, the most common unit of temperature adopted in the scientific community.

Answer 28

Kelvin Scale

Question 29

It is similar to the Celsius scale wherein there are 100 degrees of separation between the boiling point and the freezing point of water. However, the difference lies in the fact that the 0 reading of this scale is 273 units colder than its equivalent value in the Celsius scale.

Answer 29

Kelvin Scale

Question 30

Zero (0) Kelvin is called _______. It is the lowest temperature that any matter can reach, or it is the temperature below which any other value has no physical significance.

Answer 30

Absolute Zero

Question 31

The Kelvin temperature scale was named after the British physicist named_______

Answer 31

Sir William Thomson or Lord Kelvin.

Question 32

This is the absolute scale equivalent of the Fahrenheit scale. This is also similar to the Fahrenheit scale wherein there are 180 degrees of separation between the boiling point and the freezing point of water.

Answer 32

Rankine Scale

Question 33

Rankine Scale was named after _______

Answer 33

William John Rankine

Question 34

It is the transfer of energy across the boundary of a system due to a temperature difference

Answer 34

Heat

Question 35

As temperature increases, dimensions of objects and substances increase

Answer 35

Thermal Expansion

Question 36

What are the two types of Thermal Expansion?

Answer 36

Linear Expansion and Volume Expansion

Question 37

It is the change in length per degree of temperature change.

Answer 37

Linear Expansion

Question 38

It is the change in volume per degree of temperature change.

Answer 38

Volume Expansion

Question 39

What are the common units of heat?

Answer 39

Calorie Joule BTU

Question 40

What does BTU mean?

Answer 40

British Thermal Unit

Question 41

How many Joules are there in 1 Calorie?

Answer 41

4.186 J

Question 42

How many Joules are there in 1 BTU?

Answer 42

1054 J

Question 43

It is the "proportionality constant" between the heat that the object absorbs or loses and the resulting change in temperature?

Answer 43

Heat Capacity

Question 44

The amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. Another term for this unit is called Thermal Capacity.

Answer 44

Heat Capacity

Question 45

It is the heat capacity per unit mass, and it is a measure of how thermally sensitive or insensitive a substance is the addition of energy

Answer 45

Specific Heat Capacity

Question 46

The ratio of the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one unit of temperature to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a similar mass of a reference material

Answer 46

Specific Heat Capacity

Question 47

When heat is transferred to a system, that amount of energy lost by the hotter object is the same amount of energy gained by the object. Hence, no energy is lost to the surroundings.

Answer 47

Conservation of energy

Question 48

When the work is done "on" the system, the internal energy is in ________

Answer 48

Compression (+)

Question 49

When the work is done "by" the system, the internal energy is in _______

Answer 49

Expansion (-)

Question 50

It is the amount of energy transfer needed to change the "temperature" of the system without changing the phase

Answer 50

Sensible Heat

Question 51

It is the amount of energy transfer needed to change the "phase" of the system without changing the temperature,

Answer 51

Latent Heat

Question 52

What process is called from Solid to Liquid?

Answer 52

Melting

Question 53

Liquid to Gas?

Answer 53

Vaporization

Question 54

Gas to Solid?

Answer 54

Deposition

Question 55

Solid to Gas?

Answer 55

Sublimation

Question 56

Gas to Liquid

Answer 56

Condensation

Question 57

Liquid to Solid?

Answer 57

Freezing

Question 58

The amount of energy needed to change a given mass of ice water at constant temperature is called _______

Answer 58

Heat of Fusion

Question 59

Heat of fusion is also called _______

Answer 59

Enthalpy of fusion

Question 60

It is a quantity of energy needed to melt or freeze a substance under conditions of constant pressure.

Answer 60

Heat of Fusion

Question 61

It is a quantity of energy needed to melt or freeze a substance under conditions of constant pressure.

Answer 61

Heat of Fusion

Question 62

The amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. Another term for this unit is called Thermal Capacity.

Answer 62

Heat Capacity

Question 63

The amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. Another term for this unit is called Thermal Capacity.

Answer 63

Heat Capacity

Question 64

The amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. Another term for this unit is called Thermal Capacity.

Answer 64

Heat Capacity

Question 65

The amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. Another term for this unit is called Thermal Capacity.

Answer 65

Heat Capacity