Physics 8.1.6 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the 5 Types of ‘Orbiting Bodies’ in our Solar System? What do they each Orbit? (5)
-Planet. Orbits the Sun.
-Moon. Orbits Planets.
-Comet. Orbits the Sun.
-Asteroid. Orbits the Sun.
-Artificial Satellite. Orbits Any Object or Body in the Solar System.
A Smaller Body / Object will Orbit a…
Larger Body / Object.
What Must there be in order for a Body / Object to Orbit a Larger Body / Object?
There has to be a Force Pulling it Towards the Larger Body / Object. This Force is Gravity.
The Gravitational Force Exerted by the Larger Body on the Orbiting Object is Always…
Attractive.
The Gravitational Force Exerted by the Larger Body Always Acts…
Towards the Centre of the Larger Body.
The Gravitational Force is the ___ ___, because it will Cause the Smaller Body to Move, & Maintain in a ___ Path.
Centripetal Focus, Circular.
Planets Travel Around the Sun in Orbits that are…
Circular.
Objects in Circular Orbit are Travelling at a…
Constant Speed.
The Orbit of a Body is a Circular Path. Therefore, the ___ in which the Object is Travelling will…
Velocity, Constantly Change.
What does a Change in the Direction of Orbit Cause?
A Change in Velocity.
What is ‘Acceleration’?
Acceleration is the Rate of Change of Velocity.
Acceleration is the Rate of Change of Velocity. Therefore, if the Object is Constantly Changing Direction, then its ___ is Constantly Changing, Meaning that its ___ is Constantly Changing too, therefore, the Object in Orbit is ___.
Direction, Velocity, Accelerating.
What is Needed to Cause an Acceleration?
A Resultant Force is Needed to Cause an Acceleration.
What is the Resultant Force that Causes Objects in Orbit to Accelerate? Explain the Conditions.
The Resultant Force that Causes Object in Orbit to Accelerate is Gravity. It Must Act at Right Angles to the Instantaneous Velocity of the Object, to Create a Circular Orbit.
What is the ‘Instantaneous Velocity’ of an Object in Orbit?
The Velocity at a Given Time.
What are the Main Similarities in the Ways that the Planets Orbit the Sun? (3)
-Their Orbits are all Slightly Elliptical (Stretched Circle / Ovals), with the Sun at One Focus (Approx. the Centre of the Orbit Path).
-They All Orbit in the Same Plane.
-They All Travel the Same Direction Around the Sun.
What are the Main Differences in the Ways that the Planets Orbit the Sun? (3)
-They Orbit at Different Distances from the Sun.
-They Orbit at Different Speeds.
-They all take Different Amounts of Time to Orbit the Sun.
Planets Furthest from the Sun take the ___ Amount of Time to Orbit the Sun. They Travel at the ___ Speeds.
Longest, Slowest.
Planets Closest to the Sun take the ___ Amount of Time to Orbit the Sun. They Travel at the ___ Speeds.
Shortest, Fastest.
What do ‘Moon’ Orbit?
Moons Orbit Planets in a Circular Path.
Some Planets will have more than one ___.
Moon.
The Closer the Moon is to the Planet it Orbits: (2)
-The Shorter the Time it will Take to Orbit.
-The Greater the Speed at which it Orbits.
An ‘Artificial Satellite’ needs to Travel at a Specific ___ to Maintain a ___ ___ at a Particular ___ from the Larger Object it is Orbiting.
Speed, Circular Orbit, Distance.
If the Speed of an Artificial Satellite is too big: (2)
-The Radius of the Orbit will Decrease, & the Satellite will Move Towards the Object that it Should be Orbiting.
-This is Because the Gravitational Attraction is too Strong to Maintain a Constant Orbital Radius.
