Physics, Autumn 2022

Question 1

What is the equation for weight?

Answer 1

mass x gravitational field strength

Question 2

The equation for work done

Answer 2

force x distance

Question 3

The equation for distance travelled

Answer 3

speed x time

Question 4

The equation for force on a spring

Answer 4

spring constant x extension

Question 5

The equation for kinetic energy

Answer 5

0.5 x mass x (speed x speed)

Question 6

The equation for gravitational potential energy

Answer 6

mass x gravitational field strength x height

Question 7

The equation for efficiency

Answer 7

useful output power ÷ total input power

Question 8

Equation for charge

Answer 8

current x time

Question 9

The equation for density

Answer 9

Mass ÷ time

Question 10

The equation for electrical power

Answer 10

current x p.d

Question 11

The equation for potential difference

Answer 11

current x resistance

Question 12

The equation for weight

Answer 12

mass x gravitational field strength

Question 13

Equation for power

Answer 13

energy ÷ time

Question 14

Unit for velocity

Answer 14

m/s

Question 15

Unit for mass

Answer 15

kilograms (kg)

Question 16

Unit for energy

Answer 16

Joules (J)

Question 17

Unit for power

Answer 17

Watts (W)

Question 18

Renewable is…

Answer 18

…a natural resource or source of energy that is not depleted by use

Question 19

Examples of chemical energy

Answer 19

In food, fuel and electric batteries

Question 20

Examples of kinetic energy

Answer 20

in moving objects

Question 21

Examples of gravitational potential

Answer 21

in objects raised above a planet’s surface

Question 22

Examples of elastic potential

Answer 22

in stretched, compressed or twisted objects

Question 23

Examples of thermal energy

Answer 23

in any heated objects

Question 24

What are the energy stores?

Answer 24

gravitational potential, kinetic, electrostatic, chemical, elastic, nuclear, thermal and magnetic

Question 25

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 25

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by one degree Celsius

Question 26

What is current?

Answer 26

rate of flow of charge

Question 27

What happens during static electricity?

Answer 27

Electrons move so one object becomes positive and the other becomes negative.

Question 28

What is potential difference?

Answer 28

Energy transferred per unit of charge

Question 29

What is resistance?

Answer 29

measure of how difficult it is for current to flow

Question 30

In a series circuit, what happens to the current and p.d?

Answer 30

Current is the same everywhere and potential difference is shared between components

Question 31

In a parallel circuit, what happens to the current and p.d?

Answer 31

Current splits between branches and potential difference is the same for each branch

Question 32

What does melting do?

Answer 32

When a solid is heated, it absorbs energy, and it melts into a liquid.

Question 33

What does boiling do?

Answer 33

If the liquid is heated, it absorbs more energy and it boils into a gas.

Question 34

What does evaporating do?

Answer 34

A liquid turns into a gas slowly, at temperatures that are below its boiling point.

Question 35

What does condensing do?

Answer 35

If a gas is cooled, it transfers energy to the surroundings, and turns into a liquid.

Question 36

What does freezing do?

Answer 36

If the liquid is cooled, it transfers energy to the surroundings, and turns into a solid.

Question 37

Which state changes are exothermic?

Answer 37

Evaporating, condensing and freezing

Question 38

Which state changes are endothermic?

Answer 38

Boiling and melting.

Question 39

What causes pressure in gases?

Answer 39

Pressure in gases is caused by particles colliding with the walls of the container.

Question 40

What increases gas pressure?

Answer 40

Temperature increases or decreases in volume

Question 41

What is nuclear fission?

Answer 41

The splitting of a larger nucleus into two or more smaller nuclei and two or three neutrons moving at high speeds. Energy is released in the form of gamma radiation.

Question 42

What is a chain reaction?

Answer 42

If each of the neutrons produced hits a fissionable atom, the rate of fission events rapidly increases. This creates high temperatures and pressures.

Question 43

What is nuclear fusion?

Answer 43

The joining of 2 smaller atomic nuclei to form a larger one.

Question 44

Where does nuclear fusion happen?

Answer 44

In stars

Question 45

Does nuclear fusion create radioactive waste?

Answer 45

No

Question 46

What fuels nuclear fusion?

Answer 46

Hydrogen

Question 47

What does nuclear fusion create?

Answer 47

Helium