physics ch 28-29 Flashcards
(43 cards)
what are the 3 things a computer can do
- perform mathematical computations
- manipulate information
- make decisions
a collection of many hundreds of algorithms that allow the user to perform a general application
computer program
algorithms that can be used repeatedly within a program
subroutine
ability of a machine to make decisions based on logic functions
artificial intelligence
part of a computer that interprets and executes instructions
central processing unit
CPU that is contained on a single integrated circuit chip
microprocessor
consists of physical components including input devices, processing system, memory and storage devices
hardware
most radiographic images are viewed as
soft copies
performs data manipulation in the computer
central processing unit
directs the flow of data between primary memory and other devices and programmed to select instructions from memory
control unit
performs arithmetic calculations and logic functions
arithmetic/logic functions
primary memory is also referred to as
main memory or internal memory
4 sectors of primary memory space
- program storage area
- working or scratch-pad storage
- temporary storage from input devices
- temporary storage from output devices
the unit for measuring storage capacity
one byte or 8 bits
data presented in a continuous form without limitations
analog data
data presented on a discrete scale and values must be rounded to the nearest discrete value
digital data
the various intensities of x-rays that strike the image receptor is considered what type of data
analog
function of a device to convert image data into digital before being passed along to any computerized portion
analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
binary numbers are based on
powers of 2
increased bit depth is directly proportional to
detail and gray scale
instructions given to the hardware of the computer in order to carry out tasks
computer software
4 general approaches to process data on a computer
- on-line processing
- batch processing
- real-time processing
- time-sharing
transactions processed immediately upon entering a command
on- line processing
method used when large amounts of data must be processed to only a few operations
batch processing
