Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bioscience > Physics CH 3 & 4 > Flashcards

Physics CH 3 & 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Newton’s 1st law

A

An object at rest or moving at constant speed in a straight line will continue in that state until a net external force acts upon it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Newton’s 2nd law

A

Force is equal to mass times acceleration

F = m x a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Newton’s 3rd law

A

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define mass

A

the amount of matter (stuff) in an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Units of Force

A

Newton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Units of mass

A

Kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Units of acceleration

A

m/s^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define velocity

A

A vector measurement of the rate and direction of motion

In other words, the displacement divided by the time it takes to make that distance

V = displacement/change in time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define speed

A

A scalar measurement of distance over time

Speed = d/t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between velocity and speed

A

Speed involves distance, velocity involves displacement (net change in the position of an object from start point to end point).

Speed is a scalar
Velocity is a vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define displacement

A

net change in position with respect to some specified beginning point or origin in a coordinate system.

Displacement can be positive, negative, or zero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a scalar

A

quantities that have magnitude only

ex: speed, distance, time, height, pressure, mass, age, energy, temperature, work, area, volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a vector

A

quantities that have magnitude and direction

ex: velocity, weight, force, acceleration, displacement, electric field strength, torque, momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is acceleration

A

Acceleration is a vector that describes how velocity changes with time

a = 🔺velocity/🔺time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the units of velocity

A

m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 4 fundamental forces (strongest to weakest)

A

Strong nuclear force
Electromagnetic force
Weak nuclear foce
Gravitational force (more day to day CRNA stuff)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define gravity

A

the universal attraction between all objects of mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the formula for gravitational force

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is weight

A

the gravitational force exerted on an object by a much larger object such as the earth.

weight changes depending on location (earth vs moon) while mass does not change irrespective to its location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do we know about weight in its relation to force

A

Weight = Force

W=m x g
Weight (W) = m (mass in kg) x g (gravity which is acceleration)

F = m x a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the constant gravitational (g) force equal

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the unit of weight

A

Newton (N)

Since weight = force and the unit of force is N, then it is the same for weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the British unit of force

A

the pound (lb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the British formula for force

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
1 slug = ? kg
14.62kg
26
1lb = ? N
4.45N
27
what is the value for acceleration in the British constant ft/s^2
32.2ft/s^2
28
What is pressure?
pressure is the force per unit area P= F/A
29
What are the units of pressure in the British system?
psi (pounds per square in) lb/in^2
30
What are the SI units of pressure
Pascal Which is the pressure exerted by a force of 1N over 1 square meter of area
31
What are some examples of units of pressure
psi, pascal, atm, torr, bar, kilopascal
32
1atm = ? torr = ? mmHg = ? Pa
1atm = 760 torr = 760 mmHg = 101,325 Pa
33
1atm = ? bar
1.013 bar
34
1 bar = ? Pa = ? kPa
1bar = 100,000 Pa = 100 kPa
35
1kPa = ?Pa
1,000 Pa
36
1 psi = ? Pa
6,895 Pa
37
1 atm = ? psi
14.7 psi
38
What is the formula for atmospheric pressure
pressure is in Pascal density (d=m/v) height in meters (m)
39
What devices are affected by atmospheric pressure
manometers and bourdon gauges
40
What is gauge pressure
The pressure of a system about (or below) atmospheric pressure
41
What is the pressure formula for gauge pressure
Ptotal = Pgauge +Patmosphere
42
Define work
A force does work when it acts on an object and displaces the object in the direction of the force So work is force times the displacement Work (W) = F x d
43
SI unit of work
Joules (J) 1J = 1N x m
44
Centimeter-gram-second (cgs) system uses what unit for force
dyne unit of cgs is Erg 1erg = 1dyn x cm = (g x cm^2)/s^2
45
1J = ? ft x lb
1J = 0.738 ft x lb
46
1 erg = ? J = ? ft x lb
1erg = 10^-7 J = 7.38 x 10^-8 ft x lb
47
What is kinetic energy
The energy a mass has by virtue of being in motion KE is also called energy in motion KE = J So Si unit for KE is also J
48
What is the Work-Energy or Work-KE Theorem
The total work done on a system is equal to the system's change in KE
49
What is the Volume of a cylinder
V is the product of area (TTr^2) times height V= TTr^2 x h height = displacement (d) V=A x d or d=V/A We know Work (W) = F x d, so if we fit this in, then Work =F x V/A and Work = F/A x V, and F/A is pressure ( P=F/A)
50
1m^3 = ? L
1,000L
51
1J = ? Pa x m^3
1J= 1Pa x m^3
52
What are state functions
Mathematical functions that describe the "state" of a system Ex: internal energy (U), volume, pressure, or temperature State functions are INDEPENDENT of the path by which a system gets to a particular state
53
Isochoric
constant volume
54
isobaric
constant pressure
55
Reversible work means
when a change in volume (Vfinal-Vinital) is accomplished in an infinite number of steps and pressure is help constant for all the steps only then can Work (W) = P - change in volume
56
Energy is defined as
the capacity to do work
57
What does the Law of conservation of energy state
energy is neither created nor destroyed but only converted to other kinds of energy
58
1 cal = ? J
4.184J
59
1kcal = ? cal
1,000 cal
60
What is potential energy
energy stored by virtue of position KE is not destroyed, but converted to PE
61
Potential energy (PE) =
PE = m x g x h m- mass in kg g - acceleration dt gravity h - height
62
Internal energy (U) is
the sum of all kinetic and potential energies of the particles comprising the system
63
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states
Two objects (A & B) are found to be in thermal equilibrium that is, they are at the same temperature
64
The 1st Law of Thermodynamics states
Change in the internal energy (U) of a system is equal to the sum of the heat processes that cause energy to flow into/out of the system and the work done by/on the system change U = Q + W(work) Q= heat
65
Endothermic
Q > 0 Energy flows INTO the system, cools surroundings
66
Exothermic
Q < 0 Energy flow OUT of the system, heats surroundings
67
Expansion
Work (W) < 0 Work done BY THE SYSTEM on the surroundings
68
Compression
Work (W) > 0 Work done BY THE SURROUNDINGS on the system
69
The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics (entropy law) states
Heat spontaneously flows from a hot body to a cold body when the two bodies are brought into thermal contact Entropy (a measure of randomness or disorder in a system) of the universe is constantly increasing
70
The 3rd Law of Thermodynamics states
It is not possible to lower the temperature of an object to absolute zero
71
The relationship of KE and Temperature can be expressed in what formula
T - temperature in kelvin k - Boltzmann constant k=1.38x10^-3 J/k
72
k - Boltzmann constant
k=1.38x10^-3 J/k
73
Heat capacity is defined as
the ratio between the amount of heat added to or take away from an object and the change in temperature of the object Big "C" C= Q/(change in Temperature)
74
SI units for heat capacity
J/K
75
Specific heat is defined as
The amount of heat added to or taken away from an object and the change in temperature of the object, but also accounting for the mass of the object Little "c" c= Q/m x (change in Temperature)
76
SI units for specific heat
J/kg x K
77
Little "c" is equal to what
4.18 J/g x K
78
Power is defined as
the rate of doing work or conversely, the rate of expending energy
79
Average power is calculated as
P = W(work)/t (time)
80
SI unit of power
Watt (W) in J/s
81
1 lb = ? kg
0.45 kg
82
1 kg = ? lb
2.2 lb

Bioscience (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions