Physics Final Flashcards
(228 cards)
1
Q
- Vocabulary
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2
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Data: Information collected during an experiment.
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3
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Unit: A standard of measurement.
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4
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Variable: A factor that can change in an experiment.
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5
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Physics: The study of matter
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energy
6
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Motion: A change in an object’s position over time.
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7
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Distance: Total length of path traveled.
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8
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Displacement: Straight-line distance between start and end with direction.
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9
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Speed: Distance ÷ Time.
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10
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Velocity: Speed with a direction.
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11
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Frame of Reference: A background used to determine motion.
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12
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Relative Motion: Movement in relation to a frame of reference.
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13
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Vectors: Quantities with magnitude and direction.
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14
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Newton’s First Law: An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by a net force.
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15
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Inertia: Resistance to change in motion.
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16
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Gravity: Attractive force between objects due to mass.
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17
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Newton’s Second Law: F = m × a.
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18
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Force: A push or pull.
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19
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Friction: Force opposing motion.
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20
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Static Friction: Friction before motion starts.
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21
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Kinetic Friction: Friction during motion.
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22
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Normal Force: Support force from a surface.
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23
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Applied Force: Force applied to an object.
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24
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Tension Force: Force through a rope or string.
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Spring Force: Force in a stretched or compressed spring.
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Newton’s Third Law: For every action
there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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Mass: Amount of matter.
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Weight: Force of gravity (W = m × g).
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Net Force: Total force acting on an object.
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Unbalanced Force: Causes motion to change.
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Balanced Force: No change in motion.
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2–4. Readings
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2. 3600cm & 3830cm
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3. 4.5ml
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4. 426.95g
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5. Significant Figures
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0.0760 → 3 sig figs
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0.00048 → 2 sig figs
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90
300 → 3 sig figs
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200
000 → 1 sig fig
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6. Average Time
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Times: 3.23
4.11
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Average = (3.23 + 4.11 + 5.22 + 2.95 + 3.33) ÷ 5 = 3.77 s
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7–12. Dimensional Analysis
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7. 459 g = ? kg
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459 g × (1 kg / 1000 g) = 0.459 kg
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9. 23.5 cm = ? m
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23.5 cm × (1 m / 100 cm) = 0.235 m
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10. 125 lb = ? kg
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125 lb × (1 kg / 2.20 lb) = 56.8 kg
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11. 18.2 kg = ? N
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F = m × g = 18.2 kg × 9.8 m/s² = 178 N
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12. 578 cm/min = ? m/s
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578 cm × (1 m / 100 cm) × (1 min / 60 s) =
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578 ÷ 100 ÷ 60 = 0.0963 m/s
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13–15. Distance and Displacement
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13. 15 mi East
8 mi West
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a. Distance = 15 + 8 = 23 mi
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b. Displacement = 15 - 8 = 7 mi East
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14. 500 mi East
300 mi West
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a. Distance = 500 + 300 = 800 mi
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b. Displacement = 500 - 300 = 200 mi East
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15. -50 m
+30 m
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a. Distance = 50 + 30 + 40 = 120 m
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b. Displacement = -50 + 30 - 40 = -60 m (60 m negative direction)
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16. Graph and Slope
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Pick (1
8) and (10
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Slope = (35 - 8) / (10 - 1) = 27 / 9 = 3.00 m/s
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17. Motion Map
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t = 0 → start at 7 m
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t = 0–2 → -3 m/s × 2 = -6 m → end at 1 m
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t = 2–4 → stays at 1 m
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t = 4–8 → 2 m/s × 4 = +8 m → end at 9 m
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time
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position
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0
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7m
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2
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1m
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4
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1m
90
6
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5m
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8
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9m
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18. Position vs Time Graph
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a. Forward
turn around
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b. 2 m
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c. 5 m
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d. 7 m
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e. 1 m
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19–20.
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Speed
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Acceleration
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21. Graph Description
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Up hill: gradual slope up
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Rest: flat line
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Down hill: steep slope down
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22
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a. Initial = 3m
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b. Distance = 18m
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Displacement = 10m
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25. Net Force
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80 N applied - Ff = 30 N
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Ff = 80 - 30
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= 50 N
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26. Fnet
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Fapp = 85 N
Ff = 80 N
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Fnet = 85 - 80 = 5.00 N
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Normal force and weight Balance
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27–29.
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Changes motion
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No change in motion
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a. Coefficient of friction (Surface type) b. Normal force
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30. Formulas
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Velocity = d / t
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Acceleration = Δv / t
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Force = m × a
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µ = Ff / Fn
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Work = F × d
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PE = m × g × h
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KE = 0.5 × m × v²
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Momentum = m × v
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31. Units
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Velocity: m/s
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Force: N
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Work: J
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Potential energy: J
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Kinetic energy: J
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Momentum: kg·m/s
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Acceleration: m/s²
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Coefficient of friction: unitless
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32–47. Calculations
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32. Speed = ?
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Speed = 244 mi / 3.5 h
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= 69.7 mi/h
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33. Distance = ?
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Distance = 4.5 mi/h × 2.22 h\
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= 9.99 mi
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34. Time = ?
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t = d / v
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= 6.6 m / 3.5 m/s
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= 1.89 s
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35. Velocity = ?
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Δx = 4.2 - 14.2
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= -10.0 m
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v = -10.0 m / 6.89 s
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= -1.45 m/s
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36. Momentum = ?
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p = m × v
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= 3000 kg × 67 m/s
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= 201
000 kg·m/s
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37. Velocity = ?
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v = p / m
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= 0.8 kg·m/s ÷ 3.5 kg
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= 0.229 m/s
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38. Final Velocity = ?
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v = a × t
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= 3.8 m/s² × 4 s
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= 15.2 m/s
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39. Force = ?
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F = m × a
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= 27 kg × 3.2 m/s²
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= 86.4 N
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40. Gravity = ?
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g = F / m
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= 90 N / 20 kg
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= 4.50 m/s²
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41. Mass = ?
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m = F / g
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= 11.3 N / 9.8
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= 1.15 kg
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42. µ = ?
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µ = Ff / Fn
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= 8 N / 20 N
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= 0.400
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43. Weight = ?
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Fn = Ff / µ
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= 70 N / 0.87
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= 80.5 N
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44. Work = ?
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W = F × d
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= 28.5 N × 123 m
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= 3500 J
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45. Distance = ?
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d = W / F
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= 567 J / 28 N
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= 20.3 m
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46. PE = ?
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PE = m × g × h
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= 5.45 kg × 9.8 × 1.85
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= 98.8 J
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47. KE = ?
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Mass = 145 g = 0.145 kg
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KE = 0.5 × 0.145 × (2.5)²
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= 0.453 J
