Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUC MED > PHYSICS OF NUCLEAR MED > Flashcards

PHYSICS OF NUCLEAR MED Flashcards

1
Q

Tiny basic building block of
matter

A

ATOM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The word ATOM comes from the
Greek word meaning

A

indivisible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

carries a negative electric charge,
that forms a cloud around the nucleus
of an atom

A

electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It is the lightest
particles with a known mass.

A

electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mass of electron

A

9.109 x 10-31 kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carry a positive charge of +1, exactly the opposite electric charge as electrons

A

protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A proton’s mass is about ______ times the mass of an electron

A

1840

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mass of a proton

A

1.673 x 10-27 kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

about the same size as protons but their mass is slightly greater

A

neutron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mass of a neutron

A

1.675 x 10-27 kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

atomic mass unit of electrons

A

0.000549

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

atomic mass unit of protons

A

1.00728

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

atomic mass unit of neutrons

A

1.00867

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the no. of protons in the nucleus and their legend

A

atomic number (Z)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the no. of protons and no. of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom and their legend

A

atomic mass number (A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

refers to the no. of neutron

A

Neutron Number (N)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • alphabetic abbreviation of an element; chemical properties of an element are
    determined by the number and arrangement of electrons in the orbits around the nucleus
A

CHEMICAL SYMBOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Characteristics of a stable atom

A

Z = e = p
N = A - Z
A = p + n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Atoms that have the. same atomic number (Z) but different atomic mass number (A

A

isotopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Atomic nuclei that have the same atomic mass number (A) but different in atomic number (Z)

A

isobars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Atoms that have the same number of neutrons but different number of protons

A

isotones

22
Q

Have the same atomic number (Z) and same atomic mass number (A)

A

isomer

23
Q

In this kind of atom, it stated that All matter was composed of four substances

A

greek atom

24
Q

According to his theory:
§ An element was composed of identical atoms that reacted the same way
§ The physical combination of one type of atom with another was visualized as being an “Eye and Hook Affair”

A

John Dalton Atom 1808

25
Q

A Russian scholar who shows that if the elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, repetition of similar chemical properties occurred

A

Dimitri Mendeleev (1869)

26
Q

Described atom looking like a “Plum Pudding”

A

Thomson Atom (1890s) (JJ Thompson)

27
Q

he disproved Thomson’s model of the atom and introduced the nuclear model which described the atom as containing a small, dense, positively charged center surrounded by a negative cloud of electrons and he called the center of the atom the NUCLEUS and this was called the Nuclear Model

A

Rutherford Model (1911)

28
Q

was a miniature of solar system (where SUN is the NUCLEUS and ELECTRONS are the PLANETS) in which the electrons revolved about the nucleus in prescribed orbits or energy levels

A

Bohr Atom (1913)

29
Q

What were the 2 postulations of Neils Bohr?

A
  • He believes that the orbital electrons loses energy when it jumps from outer to inner orbital
  • He further believes that electron will gain energy when it jumps from inner to outer shell
30
Q

Strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus: the closer an electron is to the nucleus, the more it is bound.

A

Electron Arrangement

31
Q

energy in the form of waves or particles, especially electromagnetic radiation, which includes gamma, x-ray, ultraviolet rays, visible light, and infrared rays and the particles

A

Radiation

32
Q
  • Ionizing radiation in the form of particles
  • It has mass and charge
  • Travels at the speed of light in free space
A

Particulate radiation

33
Q

2 kinds of particulate radiation

A

alpha and beta particle radiation

34
Q

How many amu does the alpha radiation have?

A

4 amu charge of +2

35
Q

do not penetrate matter as easily as other types of radiation

A

alpha radiation

36
Q

have a mass of 0.00055 amu
* has a charge of either -1 or +1

A

beta radiation

37
Q

negative electron; produced by radioactive decay

A

negatron

38
Q

positive electron; produced by radioactive decay or pair production; used in nuclear medicine, PET studies

A

positron

39
Q

radiation in the form of waves
* it has NO mass and NO charge
* travels at the speed of light in free space
* it has the combined properties of electricity and magnetism

A

non-particulate radiation

40
Q

a general term and may be used to describe exposure to radiation originating from any source. It may also include all types of radiation

A

irradiation

41
Q

2 kinds of irradiation

A

external and internal

42
Q

is specific and indicates that the exposure is due to x-rays originating from external source

A

External irradiation

43
Q

examples of external irradiation

A

(Diagnostic x-ray, Teletherapy, CT-scan, Fluoroscopy, Nuclear Power Plant)

44
Q

may come from internal contamination. It may result from inhalation or ingestion of radioactive materials or in some cases from direct absorption through the skin

A

internal irradiation

45
Q

examples of internal irradiation

A

(Brachytherapy,
Nuclear medicine)

46
Q

undesired presence of radioactive materials on any substance in concentrations greater than those which occur naturally so much so as to cause a technical inconvenience or a radiation hazard cause by spillage or breakage.

A

Contamination

47
Q

what are the 4 classifications of human exposure

A

background radiation exposure
medical exposure
occupational exposure
exposure of the members of general public

48
Q

is the main source of exposure for most people.

A

Background exposure

49
Q

deals with intentional exposure of patient for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes by technically qualified medical and paramedical personnel.

A

medical exposure

50
Q

is the exposure obtained by an individual (radiation worker) as a result of the nature of their work particularly in the radiation area

A

occupational exposure

51
Q

exposure which might be received by individual members of the population, as a result of their visit to a hospital, or walk by a hospital, or live or work near one where there is a presence of any radiation sources

A

exposure of the members of the general public

NUC MED (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions