Physics Paper 1

Question 1

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 1

Energy cannot be created or destroyed,only transformed into another type of energy

Question 2

What does the national grid do

Answer 2

Gets electricity from power stations to our houses

Question 3

Describe the journey of electricity from power stations to houses

Answer 3

Power station generates electricity 
Moves to step up transformer 
Then through a network of cables and pile ins 
The to a step down transformer 
Then into our houses

Question 4

What so step up transformers do

Answer 4

Take electricity from a low voltage to a high voltage so the energy can move through a system with less energy loss = more efficient

Question 5

What do step down transformers do

Answer 5

Take electricity from a high voltage to a low voltage to make it safe for our homes

Question 6

Solid to liquid

Answer 6

Melting

Question 7

Liquid to gas

Answer 7

Evaporating

Question 8

Gas to liquid

Answer 8

Condensing

Question 9

Liquid to solid

Answer 9

Freezing

Question 10

Solid to gas

Answer 10

Sublimation

Question 11

What is density

Answer 11

The amount of mass in a set volume

Question 12

Density equation

Answer 12

Mass % volume

Question 13

How big is an atom

Answer 13

0.1-0.5 nanometers

Question 14

Where are the protons and neutrons found

Answer 14

In the nucleus

Question 15

Where are the electrons found

Answer 15

In the outer shell

Question 16

Mass and charge of a proton

Answer 16

Mass= 1

Charge =+1

Question 17

Mass and charge of an electron

Answer 17

Mass=1/2000

Charge=-1

Question 18

Mass and charge of neutron

Answer 18

Mass=1

Charge=0

Question 19

Which is the atomic number and which is the mass number

Answer 19

Mass number=big number

Atomic =smaller number

Question 20

What is the mass number

Answer 20

Protons + neutrons

Question 21

What is the atomic number

Answer 21

The number of protons therefore also the number of neutrons

Question 22

How to work out the amount of neutrons

Answer 22

Mass number-atomic number

Question 23

What is the charge of an atom

Answer 23

They have no overall charge

Question 24

What is an ion

Answer 24

An atom that has lost or gained an electron

Question 25

What is an isotope

Answer 25

An element that has a duplicate but with a different mass number

Question 26

What did Thompson discover about the atom

Answer 26

That it has electrons | He created a plum pudding model which was a positive sphere with negative bits dotted through

Question 27

What did Rutherford discover about the atom

Answer 27

Discovered the plum pudding had a solid positive centre =the nucleus

Question 28

What did Chadwick discover about the atom

Answer 28

They had neutrons

Question 29

How did Rutherford test the plum pudding model

Answer 29

He did a test with alpha particles and gold foil Some alpha particles were shot into it Most went straight through but some bounced back This leaf Rutherford to conclude that there is something solid in the middle of an atom, the NUCLEUS

Question 30

Advantages of renewable energy

Answer 30

Doesn’t usually release harmful co2 | Infinite

Question 31

Disadvantages of renewable

Answer 31

Solar power can’t occur during the day Expensive Some rely on specific weather conditions Tidal and wave power can disrupt local wildlife

Question 32

Advantages of fossil fuels

Answer 32

Very readily available Cheaper Coal power stations have a very short start up time

Question 33

Disadvantages of fossil fuels

Answer 33

Coal,oil and gas take millions of years to form Very heavily polluting Nuclear radioactive waster has to be stored

Question 34

What is charge

Answer 34

Charge = value for electricity flowing in a circuit

Question 35

Current

Answer 35

Flow of electrons

Question 36

Potential difference

Answer 36

Pushes current around

Question 37

Resistance

Answer 37

Slows current

Question 38

Equation for charge

Answer 38

Charge= current x time

Question 39

Unit of charge

Answer 39

Coulombs

Question 40

Equation for potential difference

Answer 40

Current x resistance

Question 41

Potential difference unit

Answer 41

Volts

Question 42

What does a thermistor do

Answer 42

Only lets current flow at certain temperatures | Uses central heating

Question 43

What do light dependant resistors do

Answer 43

Used in street lights and security lights

Question 44

What is wasted energy

Answer 44

Any energy that comes out of a situation but isn’t intended to be there

Question 45

What’s an example of wasted energy

Answer 45

Electrical Becomes light which is useful Heat and sound is released as wasted energy

Question 46

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 46

Energy cannot be created or destroyed,only transformed into another type of energy

Question 47

What happens to wasted energy

Answer 47

It dissipates into the surroundings

Question 48

What can detect heat

Answer 48

An infrared camera

Question 49

What colours are the hot and cold parts on a camera

Answer 49

Blue parts=cold | Red parts=hot

Question 50

What can help insulate houses

Answer 50

``` Double glazing Cavity wall insulation Carpet Curtains Double glazing ```

Question 51

Examples of renewable energy

Answer 51

Tidal power Wave power Hydroelectric power Geothermal power

Question 52

Examples of non-renewable energy

Answer 52

Coal Oil Gas Nuclear power