physics rev 4 - pt 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
aka “electrical energy”
form of energy that makes heat and light
electricity
: The flow of electrons
- Electrical current
o Allow electrons to move freely
Conductors
: “outside force” that causes electrons to
move.
Voltage
______ begins with the atom made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Electricity
_____ is created when an outside force causes electrons to move from atom to atom.
Electricity
o Slow down the flow of electrons
Insulators
- Constant flow of electrons (“continuously moving”)
- Example: lighting
- Happens on a circuit
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
- Occurs when there is an imbalance of positively and negatively charged atoms.
- Most common type of electricity found in nature
static electricity
: provides the force required to move the
electrons around the circuit
Source
o Electrons move in one direction.
o Example: batteries produce direct current.
Direct current
: converts electrical energy to some other form of energy such as heat, light, or mechanical energy
Load
o Electrons flow in both directions.
o Example: power plants produce AC electric current.
Alternating current
TWO KINDS OF CURRENT ELECTRICITY
direct and alternating
Discovered by Georg Simon Ohm and published in his 1827 paper, The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically.
OHM’S LAW
- The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is called Ohm’s Law
OHM’S LAW
States that the amount of current that passes through each conductor is directly proportional to the voltage but is inversely Proportional to the resistance
OHM’S LAW
o Continuous movement of electric charge through the conductors of a circuit
o The amount of current in a circuit depends on the amount of voltage o Aka “flow”
o Role in circuits: rate of electron flow
Current
Force motivating charge carriers to “flow” in a circuit
A specific measure of potential energy that is
always relative between two points.
Role in circuits: pressure that triggers electron flow
Voltage
o Current tends to move through the conductors with some degree of friction, or opposition to motion
o the amount of resistance in the circuit to oppose current flow
o role in circuits: flow inhibitor
Resistance
Composed of resistors with heads and tails connected between the same set of electrically common points.
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
- Composed of just one path through which current can flow
series circuit
