physics unit 12 and 13 test Flashcards
(21 cards)
model
something that helps explain a physical phenomenon
explain previous observations and makes testable predictions
atomic model
a model that says all matter is made up of atoms
can not be seen by a microscope
macroscopic
of size that can be detected with human senses
everyday objects, color, light, etc
microscopic
can not be detected with human senses, even with a microscope
atoms
melting
a solid changes to a liquid
freezing
a liquid changes to a solid
boiling
a liquid changes to a gas
condensing
a gas changes to a liquid
melting point
the temperature where a material turns from a solid to a liquid
boiling point
the temperature at which a material turns from a liquid to a gas
energy
an abstract quantity that we can keep track of
law of conservation of energy
energy is neither created nor destroyed
if an object gains energy, it was transferred from an object that lost the same amount
internal energy
built in energy in an object that is stored in the movement of it’s atoms
heat
energy in transit
specific heat
a measure of how much heat is required to change the temperature of a material
water is 1, ice is .5
the higher the number, the harder it is to change
latent heat
a measure of how much heat is required to change the state of a material
(thermal) conduction
the transfer of heat through microscopic collisions
two objects must be touching
thermal conductor- conducts heat slowly
(thermal) conduction
the transfer of heat through microscopic collisions
two objects must be touching
thermal conductor- conducts heat slowly
thermal insulator- conducts heat quickly
convection
the transfer of heat through the movement of atoms in liquid of gas
does not occur in solids
faster than conduction
radiation
the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves (light)
can travel through a vacuum
all objects are constantly radiating heat
high temperature objects emit radiation we can see
absorbers- heat up quickly from radiation (cool quickly)
reflectors- heat up slowly from radiation (cool slowly)
thermal expansion
as the temperature of an object changes, so does its size
