Physiology 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the role of the mouth? What is added as a lubricant?
Breaking down foodstuffs by chewing. Saliva is added.
What is the role of the oesophagus?
its the conduit between the mouth and stomach
What is the role of the stomach?
1) digestion of proteins
2) foodstuffs reduced to liquid form
3) storage
4) sterilisation
What is the role of the pancreas?
digestive enzymes for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins
What is the role of the liver?
Digests bile salts and absorbs fats in the small intestine
What is the role of the small intestine?
final stages of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
What is the role of the large intestine?
1) water absorption
2) material fermentation 3) formation of faeces
what are the 4 distinctive layers?
- Mucosa
- Submucosa
- muscularis externa
- Serosa/adventitia
How long is the hollow tube going from the oesophagus to the anus? does the structural organisation change throughout the length?
Its 8 metres long. It has the same structural organisation
what is the muscular?
a circular muscle layer and a longitudinal muscle layer
What is the serosa?
connective tissue layer
what parts of the tube have stratified squamous epithelium?
mouth, oesophagus and anal canal
What type of epithelium do the stomach, small and large intestine have?
simple columnar
What does the epithelium in the mucosa do?
creates a barrier separating the lumen of the alimentary canal form the body
Does epithelium differ along the length of the gut tube? Why?
Yes. adaptation for function
lamina propria tissue type?
loose connective tissue (glands, blood/lymph vessels)
muscularis mucosae tissue type?
thin smooth muscle layer
what type of tissue does the submucosa have? whats its purpose?
Thick, irregular connective tissue. it supports the mucosa
what does the submucosa contain
neurones and blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
what do the neurones form?
an extensive network - submucosal plexus
where are submucosal glands present?
oesophagus and duodenum
