Physiology Flashcards
(34 cards)
What may happen if a diver ruptures an eardrum while diving in cold water?
A the diver may experience a squeeze.
B the diver may lose consciousness.
C the diver may experience vertigo.
D the diver may experience euphoria.
C the diver may experience vertigo.
If the blood did not contain the substance identified in the above question (hemoglobin), blood would have to circulate how many times faster to keep up with the body’s demand for oxygen?
15-20 times.
the practice of breathing slowly went scuba diving is important in order to:
minimize resistance caused by turbulence in the airways.
when a breath-holding divers emerges into cold water his heart rate will:
decrease
to reduce the demand for oxygen while breath-hold diving, the diver should:
move slowly and deliberately while underwater.
to reduce the alveolar carbon dioxide level before a breath hold dive, the diver should:
take a few rapid, deep breaths before submerging.
True or False - Hypoxia results when the divers carbon dioxide level cannot accumulate to a level high enough to stimulate breathing before the tissues consume the available oxygen.
True
Blackout normally occurs on Ascent because:
the partial pressure of the alveolar oxygen rapidly decreases.
The carotid-sinus reflex is caused by an excessively tight_______________.
exposure suit or hood that constricts the neck
Carbon monoxide is difficult to detect because it is:
odorless and tasteless.
Carbon monoxide binds with hemoglobin over____________times more readily than oxygen can, and it takes________for the circulatory system to eliminate it.
200 / 8-12 hours
The symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are not as noticeable at depth because:
high levels of oxygen are dissolved into the plasma allowing tissues to meet their oxygen requirement.
Smoking cigarettes prior to diving can raise the carbon monoxide__________times above-normal, which in turn___________.
3-12 / impairs oxygen transport in carbon dioxide elimination
Why does DCS occur to recreational divers upon resurfacing rather than while they are at depth?
bubble formation can occur until the tissues become supersaturated. IE hold more gas than the ambient pressure. this can only occur on ascent.
The various factors that increase the divers susceptibility to decompression sickness relate primarily to:
Changes to circulation.
Two factors that affect gas absorption are?
Density of the tissue and blood flow.
The term “silent bubbles” refer to bubbles that:
are so small they do not cause signs and symptoms of decompression sickness.
What is the device used to detect the presence of silent bubbles?
Doppler ultrasound flow meter
Why does DCS in recreational divers involve nitrogen bubbles but not oxygen bubbles?
Because the oxygen we breathe is used up in the metabolic process.
Breathing pure oxygen AIDS the individual with decompression sickness because it:
increases the pressure gradient between the nitrogen pressure in the tissue and the alveolar nitrogen pressure.
List the three primary signs and symptoms of nitrogen narcosis:
poor judgement, decreased coordination and a false sense of security.
The term barotrauma literally:
pressure injury (baro=pressure, trauma = injury)
Other than potential damage to the eardrum, and excessively forceful valsalva maneuver can result in a:
round window rupture.
Severe lung squeeze can occur in shallow depth in which of the following
a skin diver descends with his lungs nearly empty.
