Physiology

Question 1

Barotrauma Symptoms
(7)

Answer 1

• Feeling pressure in ears
• Ear Pain
• Dizziness
• Feeling of blocked ears
• Bleeding of ears
• Ringing of ears
• Hearing loss

Question 2

Which body parts are affected by Barotauma

Answer 2

• ASS
• DES

Question 3

Barotrauma Prevention

Answer 3

• Dont fly with cold or blocked ears/nose
• Chew gum, Yawn, blowing nose
• Don’t eat spicy foods

Question 4

Treating barotrauma

Answer 4

-Valsalva manoeuver

-nasal spray

-massaging area of stomach

Question 5

Decompression sickness

Answer 5

-Rapid pressure reduction

• Nitrogen forming bubbles in the blood and tissues.
• Only flights above 18,000 ft unpressurized can cause nitrogen bubbles to form ( apart from diving)

Question 6

Symptoms of bends
(6)

Answer 6

• Joint pains
• Itchiness
  -Numbness
  -Tingling and paralysis of parts of the body
  -Problem with coordination
  -unconsciousness

Question 7

Preventing Decompression sickness
(4)

Answer 7

• Pressurised cabins
  -Avoid flying 24 hours after diving
  -Pre-flight inhalation of pure oxygen eliminates nitrogen
  -Exercise reduces the threshold

Question 8

Treating Decompression sickness

Answer 8

• Recompression in a compression chamber/diver chamber

Question 9

Explosive decompressions

Answer 9

-unexpected rupture during the flight at high altitude

-Risk of lung trauma

• PRIORITY get oxygen in the body

Question 10

Dangers of flying after diving

Answer 10

• OVERweight and elder more susceptible to the bends

-Due to divers needing more nitrogen to breath under water

Question 11

Aproxmietly time required after diving

Answer 11

-Standard 24hours

-less than 10 meters / 12hours

• 10 to 35 /24 hours
• 35+ / 48 hours

Question 12

Daily noise exposure in
8 hours
2 hours
30 mins

Answer 12

85 db

100 db

110 db

Question 13

action threshold for hearing protection (employers requirement)

Answer 13

• lower exposure is 80db

-upper exposure is 85 db

-Limit is 87db

Question 14

Grades of hearing protection

Answer 14

<90db - 110db

going up by 5 db each grade

Question 15

Presbycusis

Answer 15

-at the higher frequency

• 5% age 60

-10% age 70

Question 16

Cardiovascular disease

Answer 16

Thickening of artery walls

Major factors priority:

-Family history
-smoking
-High blood pressure
-elevated cholesterol level
-Obesity
-lack of exercise
-diabetes
-stress

Question 17

Blood pressure

Answer 17

Peak level - Systolic 120mmhg

minimum level - 80 mm hg

Hypertension:

-increased tension in the arteries

-best cure is reduce weight.

Question 18

Hay fever treatment

Answer 18

ALLOWED steroid nasal spray

PROHIBITED Coldrex (cause sleepness and inaatention

Question 19

Neurosis

Answer 19

Anxiety, depression, phobia, obsession

Can be treated

Question 20

Seizures

Answer 20

Epilepsy involves electrical disturbances in the brain.

Can either be minor(few seconds) or major uncontrolled physical movements.

Both cause unconsciousness.

Causes could be:

• shortage of oxygen at birth
• alcoholism
• brain tumor or infection

Question 21

Fainting

Answer 21

loss of consciousness caused by reduction in blood to brain.

Question 22

Food poisoning

Answer 22

Shows up within about 12hours of eating tainted food.

Question 23

Psychosis

Answer 23

Mental illness

bipolar disorder or personality

Question 24

Dehydration

Answer 24

causes:
-Nausea
-thirst
-sore eyes
-coughing
-dry nose
-confusion paranoia anxiety

Question 25

Hypoglycaemia (5)

Answer 25

Too little sugar in the bloodstream eat starch or protein -Shakiness -nervousness -cold sweating -increased heart rate -faintness

Question 26

Food poisoning symptoms (6)

Answer 26

-shakiness -headache -chill or hot -dizziness -muscle pains -stomach cramps nausea -vomiting diarrhea -> passing out

Question 27

the primary cause of food poisoning

Answer 27

Bacteria Viruses parasites