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GIT > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

(14 cards)

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1
Q

What is the significance of the Enteric Nervous System?

A

It regulates gastrointestinal functions through nervous innervation.

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2
Q

What are the main gastrointestinal functions?

A
  • Motility
  • Secretion
  • Absorption
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3
Q

What stimulates gastrin release?

A
  • Rise of antral pH above 2.0
  • Chemical stimuli (soup extracts, peptones, amino acids)
  • Vagal stimulation via Gastrin Releasing Polypeptide (GRP)
  • Distension of the pyloric antrum of the stomach
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4
Q

What inhibits gastrin secretion?

A
  • Reduced pH in gastric lumen
  • Somatostatin
  • Secretin
  • GIP
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5
Q

What is Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?

A

Excess gastrin secretion leading to duodenal ulcers.

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6
Q

What are the actions of Cholecystokinin (CCK)?

A
  • Stimulation of pancreatic juice secretion
  • Contraction of the gallbladder
  • Inhibition of gastric emptying
  • Stimulation of insulin secretion
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7
Q

What triggers the release of Secretin?

A

A decline in the pH of the fluid bathing the upper intestinal mucosa below 4.5.

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8
Q

What are the primary actions of Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP)?

A
  • Inhibition of gastric acid secretion
  • Stimulation of insulin secretion
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9
Q

True or False: Somatostatin stimulates gastric acid secretion.

A

False

Somatostatin inhibits gastric acid secretion.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for stimulating intestinal secretion of water and electrolytes.

A

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of secretion for Motilin?

A

Stimulated by products of digestion in the lumen of the small intestine.

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12
Q

What are the actions of Somatostatin?

A
  • Inhibition of gastric acid secretion
  • Inhibition of gastrin, GIP, VIP, secretin, and motilin secretion
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13
Q

What is the site of release for Gastrin?

A

Gastrin-secretory cells (G cells) in the antrum of the stomach and duodenum.

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14
Q

List the hormones involved in gastrointestinal regulation.

A
  • Gastrin
  • Cholecystokinin (CCK)
  • Secretin
  • Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP)
  • Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)
  • Motilin
  • Somatostatin
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