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Neuro > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

what is a problem associated with neuron dysfunction

A

MS

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1
Q

what is a problem associated with glial cells

A

glioma (malignant brain tumor)

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2
Q

what are the 3 actions of neurotransmitters

A

potentiate
terminate
modulate a specific action

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3
Q

which area of the brain controls smell, problem solving, judgement

A

frontal lobe

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4
Q

which area of the brain controls emotion

A

temporal lobe

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5
Q

which area of the brain controls speech

A

wernicke’s area

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6
Q

which area of the brain controls swallowing, breathing, & heartbeat

A

brainstem

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7
Q

which area of the brain controls sensory relay

A

thalamus

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8
Q

which area of the brain regulates the secretion of pituitary hormones, temperature

A

hypothalamus

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9
Q

which area of the brain commonly has tumors

A

pituitary

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10
Q

list the layers of the meninges from outside to in

A 
skull
dura mater
arachnoid mater
subarachnoid space
pia mater
brain
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11
Q

how is blood supplied to the brain and by how much

A

carotid system - 80%

vertebral/basilar system - 20%

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12
Q

where is CSF formed

A

cerebral ventricles

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13
Q

what absorbs CSF

A

arachnoid villi

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14
Q

what are the 3 purposes of CSF

A

protection
nutrition
maintain ICP

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15
Q

what 2 nutrients does CSF contain

A

protein

glucose

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16
Q

what is the normal pressure of CSF

A

5-20

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17
Q

describe the appearance of CSF

A

clear, colorless

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18
Q

what is the level of protein in CSF

A

15-45

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19
Q

when does the CSF protein level increase

A

cell breakdown:
infection
hemorrhage
MS

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20
Q

what is the normal level of glucose in CSF

A

50-75

21
Q

what happens to the CSF glucose level when there is an infection

A

decreases

22
Q

which cranial nerve controls pupillary reaction

A

3

23
Q

which cranial nerve controls corneal reflexes

A

5

24
Q

which cranial nerve controls facial sensation

A

5

25
Q

which cranial nerve controls jaw movements

A

5

26
Q

which cranial nerve controls gag reflex

A

10

27
Q

what is the inability to convert thought to action

A

apraxia

28
Q

what is the inability to recognize objects using senses

A

agnosia

29
Q

which glasgow coma scale means the pt is in a coma

A

<8

30
Q

which glasgow coma score is perfect

A

15

31
Q

what means difficulty speaking

A

dysphonia

32
Q

what means slurring of speech in a slow rhythm

A

dysarthria

33
Q

what is a common cause of dysarthria

A

drugs

34
Q

what does bilateral dilated fixed pupils mean

A

brain death

35
Q

what do pinpoint pupils mean

A

pons damage/drugs

36
Q

what are the 3 components of gait

A

motor power
sensation
coordination

37
Q

what is an ataxic gait

A

unsteady

38
Q

what is the name of jerky purposeless movements that are seen with parkinson’s pts

A

chorea

39
Q

what diagnostic test monitors cerebral blood flow & evaluates vascular lesions

A

brain scans

40
Q

what diagnostic test provides 2D & 3D pictures of brain activity

A

PET scan

41
Q

what diagnostic test measures radioactive isotopes that are injected into the blood stream

A

PET scan

42
Q

what diagnostic test is used to detect/highlight tumors, diseased tissue, & show blood flow

A

PET scan

43
Q

when would a lumbar puncture be contraindicated

A

⬆️ ICP

44
Q

where is a lumbar puncture inserted

A

between L3 & L4

45
Q

what diagnostic test is used to diagnose epilepsy

A

EEG

46
Q

what diagnostic test assesses brain death vs persistant vegetative state

A

EEG

47
Q

what diagnostic test records the electrical activity from the brain/spinal cord to a peripheral nerve root

A

EMG (electromyography)

48
Q

what diagnostic test diagnoses nerve & muscle dysfunction & spinal cord disease

A

EMG (electromyography)

49
Q

what diagnostic test inserts electrodes into a muscle to assess the changes in voltage during movement and at rest

A

EMG (electromyography)

50
Q

what diagnostic test measures electical energy by assessing the nerve’s ability to send a signal

A

NCV test (nerve conduction velocity)

Neuro (7 decks)

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