Physiology And Histiology Of The Skin

Question 1

What is the acid mantle?

Answer 1

an oil that provides protection for the epidermis from external factors and lubricates both the skin and hair.

Question 2

What is collagen?

Answer 2

Collagen is a protein fiber found in the dermis that gives skin its flexibility and firmness.

Question 3

How fast does hair grow?

Answer 3

half an inch per month.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a characteristic of healthy skin?

Answer 4

A characteristic that is not associated with healthy skin is excessive dryness.

Question 5

What are ceramides?

Answer 5

Ceramides are lipid molecules that help form the skin’s protective barrier.

Question 6

What are hair papillae?

Answer 6

Hair papillae are small structures located at the base of hair follicles that contain blood vessels and nerves.

Question 7

If a person has a purple or bluish tone under their fingernails, then they likely have which condition?

Answer 7

They likely have a condition called cyanosis.

Question 8

Where in the body is hyaluronic acid found?

Answer 8

Hyaluronic acid is found in connective tissues, skin, and cartilage.

Question 9

What are most abundant in the fingertips, as opposed to other parts of the body?

Answer 9

Nerve endings are most abundant in the fingertips.

Question 10

What are membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis?

Answer 10

These are known as dermal papillae.

Question 11

What are corneocytes?

Answer 11

Corneocytes are dead skin cells that make up the outer layer of the skin.

Question 12

What is hydrolipidic film?

Answer 12

Hydrolipidic film is a thin film of fatty acids and water that protects the skin.

Question 13

Why does the body perspire?

Answer 13

The body perspires to regulate temperature and eliminate waste.

Question 14

Eccrine glands are?

Answer 14

Eccrine glands are sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin’s surface through pores.

Question 15

Estheticians should be able to interpret the effects of which factor that influences skin health and appearance?

Answer 15

Estheticians should interpret the effects of environmental factors.

Question 16

What is the technical term for the nail?

Answer 16

The technical term for the nail is onyx.

Question 17

What happens in the stratum granulosum?

Answer 17

In the stratum granulosum, keratinocytes begin to die and form a barrier.

Question 18

Histology is also known as?

Answer 18

Histology is also known as the study of tissues.

Question 19

What causes telangiectasia?

Answer 19

Telangiectasia is caused by the dilation of small blood vessels.

Question 20

___ are the basic material and building blocks of the body’s tissues.

Answer 20

Cells are the basic material and building blocks of the body’s tissues.

Question 21

What are sweat glands that are found all over the body with openings on the skin’s surface through pores and that are not attached to hair follicles?

Answer 21

These are called eccrine sweat glands.

Question 22

What part of the skin provides a protective cushion and energy storage for the body?

Answer 22

The subcutaneous layer provides a protective cushion and energy storage.

Question 23

What is not one of the six primary functions of the skin?

Answer 23

One function that is not primary is the production of hormones.

Question 24

What is the formal name for the horny layer?

Answer 24

The formal name for the horny layer is stratum corneum.

Question 25

What causes the body to produce its own vitamin D?

Answer 25

The body produces its own vitamin D through exposure to sunlight.

Question 26

What is the average internal temperature of the body in degrees Fahrenheit?

Answer 26

The average internal temperature of the body is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit.

Question 28

What hormone stimulates cells to reproduce and heal?

Answer 28

Growth hormone.

Question 29

What does scar tissue lack?

Answer 29

Scar tissue lacks hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.

Question 30

What is true of the epidermis?

Answer 30

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin.

Question 31

What is an esthetician's primary focus?

Answer 31

An esthetician's primary focus is on the health and beauty of the skin.

Question 32

What is glycation?

Answer 32

Glycation is the process where sugar molecules bind to proteins or lipids.

Question 33

What function do the sudoriferous glands perform?

Answer 33

Sudoriferous glands excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body.

Question 34

Estheticians should have a thorough understanding of the physiology and histology of the skin for all of the following reasons except?

Answer 34

Except for performing surgical procedures.

Question 35

What is not an element of the skin's acid mantle?

Answer 35

Cholesterol.

Question 36

What are the glands that excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body?

Answer 36

Sudoriferous glands.

Question 37

What happens in the stratum germinativium?

Answer 37

Cell division occurs in the stratum germinativium.

Question 38

Which of the following statements is true about the nail plate?

Answer 38

The nail plate is composed of hard keratin.

Question 39

Estheticians who specialize in the health and beauty of skin are sometimes referred to as?

Answer 39

Skin care specialists.

Question 40

How is B-keratin different from A-keratin?

Answer 40

B-keratin is harder and more durable than A-keratin.

Question 41

What percentage of hard B-keratin does hair contain?

Answer 41

Hair contains about 95% hard B-keratin.

Question 42

What function do sebaceous glands perform?

Answer 42

Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, which lubricates the skin.

Question 43

What causes transepidermal water loss?

Answer 43

Transepidermal water loss is caused by the evaporation of water from the skin's surface.

Question 44

Which nerves convey impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the muscles or glands?

Answer 44

Motor nerves.

Question 45

What causes injured skin to restore itself to its normal thickness?

Answer 45

The regeneration of skin cells.

Question 46

Why is UVB radiation also known as 'burning rays'?

Answer 46

Because it causes sunburn and skin damage.

Question 47

What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscle?

Answer 47

The hair stands on end, causing goosebumps.

Question 48

What is true of the stratum corneum?

Answer 48

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis and consists of dead skin cells.

Question 49

Where in the body are the coiled structures known as apocrine glands found?

Answer 49

Apocrine glands are found in the underarm and groin areas.

Question 50

What is the dermis?

Answer 50

The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis.

Question 51

When do free radicals produce more free radicals?

Answer 51

Free radicals produce more free radicals when they react with other molecules.

Question 52

What are follicles?

Answer 52

Follicles are small openings in the skin that house hair and sebaceous glands.

Question 53

Which nerves react to heat, cold, pain, pressure, and touch?

Answer 53

Sensory nerves.

Question 54

What comprises about 50 to 70 percent of the skin?

Answer 54

Water.