Physiology And Histology Of The Skin

Question 1

The _______ is the largest organ in the body.

Answer 1

Skin

Question 2

Physiology includes the functions, _________ and anatomy of the skin.

Answer 2

Layers

Question 3

Histology is the study of the structure and function of the ____ ______.

Answer 3

Skin tissue

Question 4

Skin of an adult weighs about ___ pounds.

Answer 4

7

Question 5

The average adult has about _____ square feet of skin.

Answer 5

22

Question 6

The body maintains ___________________ through evaporation, perspiration to keep us from overheating.

Answer 6

Thermoregulation

Question 7

_____________ of sweat glands release heat from the body through perspiration to keep us from heating.

Answer 7

Millions

Question 8

____ layers help to insulate the body.

Answer 8

Fat

Question 9

Hair follicles also help regulate ______ ____________. The arrest or puli muscle cause the hair to stand up straight and cause goose bumps.

Answer 9

Body temperature

Question 10

The ________________ ____________, also know as sweat glands, excrete perspiration and detoxify the the body by excreting excess water, salt and unwanted chemicals through the pores.

Answer 10

Sudoriferous glands

Question 11

The ____ ________ is a protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat and water. These components form a hydrolipidic film to protect the skin from drying out and from exposure to external factors.

Answer 11

Acid mantle

Question 12

The average pH of the acid mantle is .

Answer 12

5.5

Question 13

The ___________ _____________ protects skin from irritation and transepidermal water loss.

Answer 13

Barrier function

Question 14

Melanin also provides protection from the ____ _______ of the sun.

Answer 14

UV rays

Question 15

__________ is a pigment in the eyes, hair and skin.

Answer 15

Melanin

Question 16

Absorption of ingredients, water and oxygen is necessary for skins house. ___________ __ is also synthesized and produced in the skin upon exposure to the sun.

Answer 16

Vitamin D

Question 17

Sensory nerve endings in the ________ respond to touch, pain, cold, heat and pressures.

Answer 17

Dermis

Question 18

___________ ___________ fibers are most abundant in the fingertips and thus are designed to be one of the most sensitive parts of the body.

Answer 18

Sebaceous glands

Question 19

The ____________ is the outermost layer of the skin.

Answer 19

Epidermis

Question 20

The epidermis is comprised of ____________________, cells that produce keratin, approximately 95% of the epidermis is __________________.

Answer 20

Keratinocytes

Question 21

A fiberous protein that provides resiliency and protection to the skin.

Answer 21

Keratin

Question 22

Keratin is found in all layers of the ______________.

Answer 22

Epidermis

Question 23

Hard keratin is the ___________ found in hair and nails.

Answer 23

Protein

Question 24

The epidermis is only ___._ mm to ___._mm thick.

Answer 24

0.04
1.5

Question 25

The epidermis is comprised of five strata or _________.

Answer 25

Layers

Question 26

As estheticians, we are only concerned with the_____________ and not allowed to work in the dermis.

Answer 26

Epidermis

Question 27

Five layers of the epidermis:

Answer 27

Stratum Corneum Stratum Lucidum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Spinosum Stratum Germinativum/Basale

Question 28

Also known as the basal layer; this is the layer where everything germinates.

Answer 28

Stratum Germinativum

Question 29

Stratum Germinativum is an active layer where_____ ______ undergo continuous cell division (mitosis) to replenish the regular loss of skin cells.

Answer 29

Stem cells

Question 30

Stratum Germinativum in only ___ layer of cells thick.

Answer 30

1

Question 31

Melanocytes are cells that produce_________ layers.

Answer 31

Pigment

Question 32

___________ is the pigment.

Answer 32

Melanin

Question 33

Melansomes are _____________ carrying granules.

Answer 33

Pigment

Question 34

Melansomes are pigment carrying ____________.

Answer 34

Granules

Question 35

Also known as the spiny layer.

Answer 35

Stratum Spinosum

Question 36

Cells continue to divide and change shape in this layer.

Answer 36

Stratum Spinosum

Question 37

Keratin filaments that form bonds between cells form is this layer.

Answer 37

Stratum Spinosum

Question 38

Stratum Spinosum contains ________________ cells which are part of the immune system.

Answer 38

Langerhans

Question 39

Also known as the granular layer.

Answer 39

Stratum Granulosum

Question 40

This this layer is composed of cells that resemble granules and are filled with keratin.

Answer 40

Stratum Granulosum

Question 41

The production of keratin and intercellular lipids take place here.

Answer 41

Stratum Granulosum

Question 42

A thin clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum.

Answer 42

Stratum Lucidum

Question 43

It is a translucent layer that allows light to pass through.

Answer 43

Stratum Lucidum

Question 44

Also know as the horny layer

Answer 44

Stratum corneum

Question 45

This is the top outermost layer of the epidermis.

Answer 45

Stratum Corneum

Question 46

Estheticians are primarily concerned with this layer.

Answer 46

Stratum Corneum

Question 47

This layer is very thin yet waterproof, permeable, regenerative and detoxifies the body.

Answer 47

Stratum Corneum

Question 48

Keratinocytes have hardened into _______________.

Answer 48

Corneocytes

Question 49

Stratum Corneum; These cells have dried out and lack ____________.

Answer 49

Nuclei

Question 50

Also known as the derma, corium, cutis or true skin.

Answer 50

The Dermis

Question 51

It is the supportive layer of connective tissues below the epidermis.

Answer 51

The dermis

Question 52

The _________ is about 25 times thicker than the epidermis and consists of two layers: papillary and reticular.

Answer 52

Dermis

Question 53

Synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues and plays critical role in wound healing.

Answer 53

Fibroblast

Question 54

Fibroblast are the most common cells in

Answer 54

Connective tissue

Question 55

Is a protein substance of complex fibers that gives skin its strength and is necessary for wound healing.

Answer 55

Collagen

Question 56

Produced by _________________, collagen make up around 70% of the dermis.

Answer 56

Fibroblasts