Physiology and Homeostasis

Question 1

What is Human Physiology?

Answer 1

The study of the normal functions of the human body and the Integrative Mechanisms that control them at the level of:
Cells, Tissue, Organs, Organ Systems, Whole Body

Question 2

What are the two types of Physiological Control?

Answer 2

Intrinsic
- Local controls that are inherent in an organ

Extrinsic
- Regulatory mechanisms initiated outside an organ
- Accomplished by nervous and endocrine systems

Question 3

What is Feedforward Control?

Answer 3

responses made in anticipation of a change

Question 4

What is Feedback Control?

Answer 4

responses made after change has been detected
Types:
Positive Feedback Systems: amplifies an initial change (labour)
Negative Feedback Systems: opposes an initial change - (NO.1 used)

Question 5

Conditions for succesful Negative Feedback

Answer 5

Sense changes (Sensor) from desired range that needs to be kept within a narrow range (Set Point)
Integrate this information with other relevant information (Control Centre)
Make appropriate adjustments (Effector(s)) in order to restore regulated variable to its desired range (set point)

Question 6

Name 5 variables regulated by negative feedback

Answer 6

• mean arterial blood pressure
• core body temperature
• blood glucose
• blood gases (arterial pO2 and pCO2)
• pH