Physiology Of Muscles

Question 0

3 muscle types

Answer 0

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle

Question 1

Smooth muscles are not _________ like skeletal muscles

Answer 1

Striated

Question 2

What are the properties of skeletal muscles?

Answer 2

Long, striated, multinucleate, voluntary

Question 2

Skeletal muscles is also activated by________ which occurs unwillingly

Answer 2

Reflexes

Question 3

each muscle fiber is served by 1 nerve ending which controls muscle activity

Answer 3

Nerve supply of SM

Question 4

Purpose of connective tissue sheaths

Answer 4

Not ripped when they exert such force, provide strength, and support reinforcement

Question 5

Smoot muscles are termed _________ because we have no control over it

Answer 5

Involuntary

Question 6

What are the functions of smooth muscle

Answer 6

Force fluid and other substance through internal body channels

EMPTYING OF BOWELS AND BLADDER

Question 7

What is the function of cardiac muscles

Answer 7

Make the heart beat

Question 8

Peristalsis

Answer 8

Wave like contractions that move substances through certain hollow organs (digestive, bladder)

Question 9

Where do you find cardiac muscles

Answer 9

Heart

Question 10

What type of movement does CM have

Answer 10

Involuntary

Question 11

What is the normal rate of CM

Answer 11

Fairly steady

Question 12

What other system of the body can stimulate the CM contractions

Answer 12

Nervous system

Question 13

How are smooth muscles shaped

Answer 13

Spindle shaped

Question 14

4 functions of muscles

Answer 14

Maintain posture
Provide movement to all parts of body
Stabilize joint (pulling on bones)
Generate heat (from contractions, maintain body temp)

Question 15

What form of energy is used to power muscle contractions

Answer 15

ATP

Question 16

What percent of skeletal muscle is attributed to our total body mass

Answer 16

40%

Question 17

Where is creatine phosphate located

Answer 17

Muscles

Question 18

What is the shape of CM, which muscle is similar

Answer 18

Cylindrical, striated.

Skeletal

Question 19

What the duration and the net ATP produced in creatine phosphate

Answer 19

10-15 seconds

1ATP

Question 20

Where is anaerobic respiration found

Answer 20

Mitochondria

Question 21

CP+ADP—>ATP

Answer 21

Creatine phosphate

Question 22

Where is aerobic respiration found

Answer 22

Mitochondria

Question 23

Glucose--> Pyruvic Acid---> CO2+H2O+36ATP

Answer 23

Aerobic respirations

Question 24

What the duration and how many net ATP is in anaerobic respiration

Answer 24

30-40 seconds | 2 ATP

Question 25

Needs oxygen

Answer 25

Aerobic

Question 26

Composed of bundles of cylindrical striated cells called fibers

Answer 26

Whole muscles

Question 27

What is the speed of movement for smooth muscles

Answer 27

Steady slow pace

Question 28

Small cylinder, extend from one bone to another

Answer 28

Muscle fiber cells

Question 29

Where do you find smooth muscles

Answer 29

Hollow, visceral organs (stomach l, bladder, respiratory passages)

Question 30

Hundreds of banded cylindrical myofibrils, run the length of each cells, they are the contractile elements of the cell called sacromere

Answer 30

Myofibril

Question 31

What is the duration and net ATP produced in aerobic

Answer 31

Hours | 36 ATP

Question 32

Actin filament, looks like a string of beads

Answer 32

Thin filaments

Question 33

______ transmits electrical signal to axon terminals (on muscle cells)

Answer 33

Motor neuron (spinal cord)

Question 34

_____ is released, called acetylcholine (ACh)

Answer 34

Neurotransmitter

Question 35

ACh allows Na+ ions to rush into muscle cell, disrupts electrical balance is called _____

Answer 35

Action potentioal

Question 36

___ conducted from one end of cell to other = contraction muscle cells

Answer 36

Electrical impulse

Question 37

Results from oxygen debt during prolonged muscle activity

Answer 37

Muscle fatigue

Question 38

K+ ions diffuse out of cell, NaK pump moves Na K ions back to their initial positions What is achieved

Answer 38

Resting state of muscles

Question 39

Requires oxygen Occurs in mitochondria Hours

Answer 39

Aerobic respiration

Question 40

___ found only in muscle fibers ____ transfers a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP 1 __ = 1ATP 15 seconds

Answer 40

Creatine phosphate

Question 41

Myosin filament, rod shaped tails with head

Answer 41

Thick filaments

Question 42

No oxygen available Occurs in mitochondria 30-60 seconds Accumulates lactic acid in muscles: which causes fatigue and muscle soreness

Answer 42

Anaerobic respiration

Question 43

Contractions were muscles don't shorten, myofilaments are not moving, tension increases Usually against immobile object

Answer 43

Isometric contractions

Question 44

A muscle that is unable to contract even though it is being stimulated

Answer 44

Muscle fatigue

Question 45

Cause muscles to contract less and less effectively until stops altogether

Answer 45

Build up of lactic acid/ no oxygen/ lack of ATP

Question 46

Increases blood supply, stores more oxygen, increases mitochondria

Answer 46

Aerobic endurance

Question 47

Breathing deeply does what

Answer 47

Replenish oxygen in muscles

Question 48

Myofilaments are sliding together normally muscle shortens and movement occurs

Answer 48

Isotonic contractions

Question 49

State is continuous partial contractions Even relaxed

Answer 49

Muscle tone

Question 50

Results from stimulation in systematic way from nervous system Paralysis no stimulation from nerves ___ loses ____

Answer 50

Muscle. Tone.

Question 51

Stronger more flexible greater resistance to fatigue | Does not increase muscle mass

Answer 51

Aerobic endurance

Question 52

Isometric, exercise where muscles are pushed against an immobile object Forcing muscles to contract as much force as possible Increase muscle cells, make more contractile filaments = big muscles Increase connective tissue

Answer 52

Resistance exercise

Question 53

numerous vein and artery capillaries intertwined in the muscle to provide oxygen and remove wastes

Answer 53

Blood supply of SM