physiology of pregnancy

Question 1

what is the MAP

Answer 1

CO X SVR cardiac output times systemic vascular resistance

Question 2

what is Cardiac output?

Answer 2

CO = HR X SV heart rate X stroke volume

Question 3

what is stroke volume

Answer 3

SV = preload X contractility

Question 4

what happens to SVR

Answer 4

decreases via vasodilation. more vessels due to the placenta .

Question 5

MAP in pregnancy?

Answer 5

reduced from baseline

Question 6

what happens to HR

Answer 6

rises 15%

Question 7

what happens to contractility of the heart

Answer 7

stays the same; the EF stays the same. you do not get a hyperdynamic heart

Question 8

what happens to the preload?

Answer 8

Goes WAY up.

Question 9

what happens to the the number of RBCs?

Answer 9

goes way up

Question 10

what happens to the O2 stas?

Answer 10

same

Question 11

what happens to the CO?

Answer 11

goes up

Question 12

what is hemoglobin?

Answer 12

RBCs/plasma

Question 13

what happens to plasma?

Answer 13

goes way up so that the vesocity decreases. hemoglobin usually decreases due to the increase in plasma.

Question 14

IVC syndrome

Answer 14

when the uterus compresses the IVC. this can make her hypotensive due to decreased preload. This can be relieved by laying her on her side.

Question 15

what happens to the FEV1

Answer 15

nothing

Question 16

what happens to respiratory rate

Answer 16

nothing

Question 17

what happens to the PO2

Answer 17

nothing

Question 18

what happens to the Tidal volue

Answer 18

goes up

Question 19

what happens to the clotting in pregnancy

Answer 19

increased clotting.

Question 20

what are the three As for platelets in primary hemostasis

Answer 20

adhesion, activation, aggregation

Question 21

what is the end point of primary hemostasis

Answer 21

platelet plug with a fibrinogen mesh

Question 22

what is the main component of secondary hemostasis

Answer 22

factors. Fibrinogen (factor 1) is converted to fibrin which is eventually broken into split products by TPA.

Question 23

what happens to clotting in pregnancy

Answer 23

increases

Question 24

what happens to GFR in pregnancy

Answer 24

increases

Question 25

what happens to creatinine in pregn

Answer 25

goes down

Question 26

is normal creatinine normal for pregn

Answer 26

NO. this indicates a problem because the creatinine is lower in pregnancy

Question 27

how much weight should you gain in preg

Answer 27

``` depends on initial weight <18.5 - 1lb/week; 28-40lbs 18.5-25 -0.75lbs/wk; 25-35lbs 25-30 -0.5lbs/wk; 15-25lbs >30 -0.25lbs/wk; 10-15lbs ```

Question 28

what GI issues do we worry about in pregnancy

Answer 28

gallbladder, nausea, GERD, iiron def anemia, constipation

Question 29

how do we treat nausea in pregnancy

Answer 29

dansitron and pyroxidine

Question 30

what do we use to treat GERD in pregnancy

Answer 30

PPIs

Question 31

what do we use to treat constipation

Answer 31

stool softeners and motility agents

Question 32

what do you always presecribe with iron supplemetns

Answer 32

stool softeners

Question 33

what do we need to watch out for in pregnancy

Answer 33

DVT/PE