piagets stages of intellectual development Flashcards
sensorimotor stage (0-2 years)
-focus on physical sensations
-develop basic use of language
object permanence
-ability to know that an object still exists even if we cannot see it (8 months)
pre-operational stage (2-7 years)
-language becomes sophisticated
-justification isn’t logical (faulty reasoning)
-egocentrism, class inclusion, conservation
egocentrism
-view the world from only their perspective
class inclusion
-a group of objects can form a class but this same group can be a subset of an even larger group
conservation
-quantity of an object remains the same even when its appearance changes
concrete operational stage (7-11 years)
-they can understand other perspectives
-they cannot reason abstractly
formal operational stage (11+ years)
-capable of scientific thinking
-reason about abstract and hypothetical ideas
-can understand algebra etc
weakness - ethnocentric - culture bias
-assumes universality (etic)
-only used samples of western-cultured children
weakness - flawed methodology
-McGarrigle & Donaldson’s naughty teddy study
-60% of 6 year olds compared to Piagets 16%
-no manipulation by adults
-Piaget underestimated children’s cognitive ability
weakness - conflicting evidence
-Hughes had 4 year-olds position a doll where 2 policemen couldn’t see 90% of the time
-pre-conventional children can perspective take when they fully understand the task
-original methods may have confused the kids