Pictures Flashcards
Which bone cell types are shown in each pic?
Top Left pic: Osteoblast
Bottom Left Pic: Osteocyte
Right pic: Osteoclast
Which bone types are shown here?
Left PIc: woven bone–seen in infants & at growth plates
Right Pic: Lamellar BOne–strong!
Is the child on the right heterozygous or homozygous for achondroplasia?
Heterozygous
alive
shorter limbs
enlarged head–frontal bossing
normal trunk
Which condition do these guys have?
Not achondroplasia–b/c limbs & trunk & head are normal.
Probably a hypopituitary issue. Not enough GH etc.
What does this pic show?
fish mouth vertebrae
bones that get thinnger have central collapse
give this appearance
Osteoporosis!!
What does this pic show?
3rd stage of Paget’s disease
osteosclerotic stage
no more bone marrow
just fibrous tissue & hypervascularity
woven bone!
What does this imaging show?
cotton wool spots
this is a plain film
later stage of paget’s disease
thickened cortex
What doe this pic show?
thickened cranium
Later Stage of Paget’s disease
**diploic space widened
sclerotic & lucent areas throughout
What is shown here?
avascular necrosis
subchondral infarct
Note: the cartilage is still intact & is now receiving its nutrients from the synovial fluid above it.
What is going on here? Which age group is this more common in?
pyogenic osteomyelitis
bone abscess forms
periosteum lifts up
the break continues to the joint
**more common in children
What is shown here?
pyogenic osteomyelitis
see the pink bone & the fibrotic reaction around it
neutrophils are coming on in!
What does this gross speciment show?
pyogenic osteomyelitis
there is an infection there!
It can track all the way out to the skin!
What is the likely cause of this vertebral tumor?
probably a metastasis from a cancer elsewhere
rare to have primary lesions in the bone
What is shown in this picture?
osteoma
What does this pic show?
osteosarcoma starting in the metaphysis of the bone
WHat is shown in this histo slide?
osteosarcoma
disorganized cells
WHat is shown in this pic?
osteochondroma
not the cauliflower cartilagenous cap
What is shown here?
osteochondroma
cartilage cap on the right
see the medullary space
What is shown here?
endochondroma–benign lesions in mature hyaline cartilage
What is shown here?
endochondroma
usu happens in short tubular bones in hands or feet
What is shown here?
chondrosarcoma
starts in medullary cavity in the central skeleton
here it starts in diaphysis
What is shown here?
chondrosarcoma
clear cell variant, starts in the epiphysis
What is this appearance called? which condition is this associated with?
soap bubble appearance
giant cell tumor of bone
WHat is shown here?
histo of giant cell tumor of bone
Which condition is shown here?
Ewing’s Sarcoma
note the expanding intramedullary mass
Which condition is represented on this histo slide?
Ewing’s sarcoma
small blue cells
area of necrosis
What does this imaging show?
those are little pockets of plasma cells
indicative of multiple myeloma
What condition is indicated by this imaging?
Fibrous Dysplasia
often this can extend throughout the entire bone
Which condition is indicated by this histo slide?
fibrous dysplasia
note the over-proliferation of fibrous tissue
can’t see any bone marrow
these patients will struggle with anemia
What does this show?
Osteoarthritis-wear & tear
What does this pic show?
eburnation seen with osteoarthritis. Looks like ivory!
Which condition does this patient have?
rheumatoid arthritis
villus projection into the synovium
lymphoid follicle also present here
What is shown here?
subcutaneous nodules of rheumatoid athritis
fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by macrophages & granulation tissue
forms at areas of pressure
What does this pic show?
pseudogout
note the coffin-lid shaped crystals.
NOT the needle-shaped crystals of regular gout
What is shown on this histo slide?
note the small group atrophy
probably neurogenic atrophy-affects motor unit at a time
Which condition does this histo point to?
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
CT increased
different muscle fiber sizes
What is shown here?
rhabdomyosarcoma
GU variant–called: sarcoma botryoides
What is shown here?
the GU variant of rhabdomyosarcoma…sarcoma botryoides
shows the histo strap cells of skeletal muscle-one characteristics
What is shown here?
lipoma
benign
usu see clear yellow cells
no lipoblasts present
What is shown here?
liposarcoma
malignant
lipoblasts present
What is shown here?
liposarcoma as well!
lipoblasts present
What is shown here?
nodular fasciitis
What is shown here?
Dupuytren’s Contracture
this is a superficial fibromatosis
Which condition is this?
desmoid fibromatosis
a type of deep fibromatosis
What does this imaging show?
fibrosarcoma
osteolytic “motheaten” appearance
no sclerosis w/ cortical destruction
What does this neonate die from?
fibrosarcoma on thigh…totally destroyed the bone, sadly.
What does this histo show?
fibrosarcoma
see the storiform/herringbone pattern
spindle cells swirling around
WHat does this imaging show?
synovial sarcoma
What is found in these vials? Taken from synovial joint.
First: normal
2nd: cloudy: probably contains a few white cells & proteins…make sure to do a gram stain.
3rd: orange-brown. xanthochromic. means old hemorrhage. If it were bright red: hemarthrosis from trauma or hemophilia.
4th: definitely neutrophils present. Bad stuff going on.
WHat do you see in each vial?
A: normal
B: cloudy & suspicious for inflamation & infection
C: purulent & a little bloody. Perhaps a septic arthritis. Acute inflammation can produce hemorrhage.
What is shown by this xray?
septic arthritis
see here synovial thickening & edema
What do you see on this slide taken from synovial joint?
lots of neutrophils
inflammatory, maybe infectious
WHat is shown here? HOw should it be tested?
tophi from a gout patient
**need to take a biopsy of this, can’t aspirate it.
After taking an aspirate you see this. What is it?
pseudogout
calcium pyrophosphate
rhomboid shaped crystals, not needle-shaped
What is shown here?
chondrocalcinosis
calcification of menisci of knees
caused by pseudogout–calcium pyrophosphate deposition
What is seen here?
tophi-aggregates of urate crystals
from progressive gout
here: surrounded by lymphocytes, macrophages, foreign body giant cells
