Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Ag Science > Pig production > Flashcards

Pig production Flashcards

0
Q

The Large White

A
  • Pricked up ears
  • Large body and head
  • High prolifacy
  • Produce good quality meat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The Landrace

A
  • Drooped and looped ears
  • White skin
  • Good conformation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Integrated pig production unit :
Consists of breeding, rearing and fattening all on same farm.

ADVANTAGES

A
  1. Lessens risk of disease entry
  2. Stress reduced transporting animals.
  3. Farmers select breeding stock.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Integrated pig production unit :
Consists of breeding, rearing and fattening all on same farm.

DISADVANTAGES

A
  1. Disease enters - spreads rapidly.
  2. High level of management.
  3. Slurry storage needed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Subcontracted pig production unit :
Is when breeding, rearing and fattening located on different farms.

BREEDING STRATEGY :

A

Ideal: Purebred LR x Purebred LW
~~~> offspring hybrid viguor
~~~>Not economically feasible!!

Criss cross breeding used!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CRISS CROSS BREEDING

A

BOAR. SOW. PROGENY.

LR  |LR x LW       | LR x (LRxLW)
      |                     |
LW |LR x (LRxLW)| LW x (LRxLWxLR)
      |                     |
LR  |LW x (LRxLWxLR) | LR x (LWxLRxLWxLR)
  • Some progeny kept for breeding, rest sold for slaughter.
  • Every 4/5 yrs the boar is changed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SELECTION CRITERIA FOR A GILT FOR BREEDING

A

-Bright eyes
-Light pink skin
-12-14 well developed teats on udders
-Good conformation
(100kg approx and 5-6mtha old )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a gilt ?

A

A gilt is a female that has not had her first litter yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Food conversion ratio (FCR)

A

Amount of food eaten by an animal in relation to liveweight gain.

Low FCR means good food efficiency and higher profits :

      * Weaners : 1.75:1 
      * Fattners : 2:1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Factors that influence FCR

A
  1. Breed:
    •Boars can give good fcr to offspring.( eg. Large white boars)
  2. Housing :
    •Warm houses, good ventilation prevent disease.
    •Also prevents pigs using energy supplies to keep warm(critical temp)
  3. Diet :
    •Rations should have balanced quantities of proteins vitamins and minerals.
    •Lysine is an essential amino acid (protein)
  4. Health :
    •Only healthy animals fully achieve their potential to utilise feed efficiency.
  5. Management :
    • Health of pigs greatly depends on management skills of the farmer.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Critical Temperature

A

The house temp that which the animal can maintain its body temp without weight loss or need for extra food.

1- Farrowing house : 20C
2- Weaner house. : 24C
3- Fattner house : 22*C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lack of vitamins/minerals in Bonhams.

A

a) Anemia - sows milk lacking in iron
b) Rickets - poor bone formation due to lack of vitamin D
c) Night Blindness - due to lack of vitamin A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diseases of pigs 1

Viral Pneumonia:

A
  • Caused by poor ventilation

* Symptoms include coughing and stunted growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diseases of pigs 2

Erysipelas:

A
  • Bacterial disease of sows, replacement gilts and boars
  • Highly infectious
  • Prevented by annual vaccine
  • Treated with antibiotics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diseases of pigs 3

Aujesky’s Disease:

A
  • Highly contagious for pigs of all ages
  • Symptoms coughing, trembling, collapsing
  • Viral disease
  • No effective treatment but hygiene is important
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A) The pregnant sow/gilt management.

A
  • Housed in dry sow house
  • Fed once a day -> 2.5kg of meals
  • Final 3/4 wks.. given extra 0.5kg
  • •Week before farrowing, moved to farrowing house (20*C)
  • Washed, deloused , disinfected and vaccinated.
16
Q

B) Management of sow after birth of the bonhams:

A
  • Kept in farrowing crate to prevent injury to bonhams (5/6wks)
  • Fed suckling ration of 1.8kg per day. + extra 0.5kg per bonham.
  • Water is available
17
Q

C) Management of sow after weaning

A
  • Moved back into dry house
  • Comes into heat within 5-7days
  • Served twice within 24hrs
  • Culled at 4-5yrs old ( health and litter sizes decline)
18
Q

4 Notes on boar to serve sow :

A
  • Good health– well developed sex organs and good feet
  • Kept in service house 22*C
  • 2kg of meal per day
  • Fully performance and progeny tested
19
Q

D) Management of bonhams from birth to weaning.

A
  • Birth, 1-1.5kg
  • Front teeth broken immediately
  • Navel treated with iodine
  • Infra red lamps keep them warm (32*C)
  • Day 2/3 injected with iron, then for pneumonia
  • Creep ration (20%protein)
  • Suckle for 5/6 wks then weaned off
  • Weaning weight 9kg
20
Q

E) Management and feeding of weaners :

A
  • Increase from 9-32kg
  • Moved to weaner house - stocked sufficiently - 24*C
  • Houses have floor insulation and low roofs
  • Weaner ration is ad. Lib
21
Q

F) Management and feeding of fattners

A
  • Increase from 32-82kg
  • Moved to fattner house- stocked sufficiently 22*C
  • Floor insulation and low roof
  • Rations ad.lib until few wks before slaughter (Restrict fat + improve carcass quality )

•Pigs slaughter at approx 80-82kg!!

Ag Science (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions