Pitch

Question 1

How are pure tones and complex periodic sounds coded on place model?

Answer 1

Place coding for both
pure tone - looks for peak with the highest vibration
complex tones - space between the peaks

Question 2

Briefly explain the temporal model of pitch.

Answer 2

Inner hair cells
Based on patterns of neural firing
Each inner hair cell connect with multiple auditory nerve fibers (ANF)
ANF fires during the compression phase (waveform view)
Each ANF does not fire each cycle but collectively the group fires in synchrony with the compression phase or phase with maximum amplitude of the stimulus. This is called phase-locking.
Same concept for both pure tones and harmonic complex
Based on waveform view

Question 3

How are pure tones and complex periodic sounds coded of temporal model?

Answer 3

phase locking - coded in the period of the waveform and can be represented in the spectrum

Question 4

Why does the pitch of a harmonic sound stay the same even when the fundamental frequency is removed?

Answer 4

because the period stays the same
The fundamental frequency of a complex harmonic does not change when the physical component corresponding to the fundamental frequency is removed because the fundamental frequency of the harmonic complex is not changed. Phase-locking would still occur at the same rate (temporal model) and the distance between peaks would be the same if the fundamental frequency were removed (place model)

Question 5

Mammalian auditory nerve fibers phase-lock to a stimulus frequency up to which frequency range?

Answer 5

between 3,000 to 5,000

Question 6

A doubling of frequency results in a doubling of pitch perception

Answer 6

false

Question 7

pitch perception is affected by intensity changes

Answer 7

true

Question 8

attend to a particular sound in the presence of multiple sounds

Answer 8

auditory scene analysis

Question 9

What role does pitch perception play in understanding speech?

Answer 9

useful in the ability to follow a voice in a background, particularly if the voices are from talkers of different sexes
Pitch perception supports auditory scene analysis; helps to separate a target voice from a background of noise

Question 10

Briefly explain the place model or spectral
representation of pitch. How are pure tones
coded? How are complex periodic sounds coded?

Answer 10

Place model
Based on basilar membrane
excitation or displacement
Pure tones coded based on
location of place of maximum displacement
Harmonic complex tones
(complex periodic sounds) are
coded based on distance
between the peaks (along the
basilar membrane)
Based on spectral view

Question 11

based on basilar membrane excitation or displacement

Answer 11

place model

Question 12

pure tones in this model are coded based on location of the place of max displacement (BM)

Answer 12

place model

Question 13

Harmonic complex tones in this model are coded based on distance between the peaks (along bm)

Answer 13

place model

Question 14

Briefly explain the temporal model of pitch. How
are pure tones coded? How are complex periodic
sounds coded?

Answer 14

Temporal model
Based on patterns of neural
firing
Each inner hair cell connect with
multiple auditory nerve fibers (ANF)
ANF fires during the
compression phase (waveform view)
Each ANF does not fire
each cycle but
collectively the group
fires in synchrony with
the compression phase
or phase with maximum
amplitude of the
stimulus. This is called
phase-locking.
Same concept for both
pure tones and harmonic
complex
Based on waveform
view

Question 15

based on spectral view

Answer 15

place model

Question 16

the process of separating sounds from a background of noise

Answer 16

auditory scene analysis

Question 17

Briefly explain the place model or spectral representation of pitch

Answer 17

Based on basilar membrane excitation or displacement
based on spectral view